每个老师需要在上课前弄好自己的教案课件，没有写的老师就需要抓紧完成了。教案是展现教师专业素质和知识水平的重要手段，好的教案课件是从哪些角度来写的呢？必看的“现在完成时课件”精选文章即刻推荐，如果您需要再次访问本页请及时收藏！
一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's
happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B.never C.ever D. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying B. will ; study
C. has ; studied D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish
11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ?
—About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. began
15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .
16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the
library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
18、The students have cleaned the ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China si
nce China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、His uncle more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、句型转换。
3、The old man _________ last year. He for a
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句
三、汉译英。
4、她还没有看过那部新电影。
5、她去过上海。
6、他这些天上哪儿去了？
发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理
才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾
经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应
选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的'时间状语（如yesterday , last week ,
a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
举例：
I saw this film yesterday.
I have seen this film.
Why did you get up so early?
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
He has been a League member for three years.
He joined the League three years ago.
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…结构，that从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。
注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
I have worked here for many years.
小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。
(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
(错) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.
（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以
（2）用法：
1或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：
I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday. 注意：
since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.
4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为：
He has been here for 2 weeks.
The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes 2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：
Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.
3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：
She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。
Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。 I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。 They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。
Exercise:
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in .
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer.
1. How long have you _______ here?
A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. 就划线部分提问) ______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）
(对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) 8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago. Ask the questions初中现在完成时专练。
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________? 2) My father has lived here since .
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? _________ ________ he _________ __________? __________ ___________ they __________ a book?
Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks. 1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.” 现在完成时练习题及答案 一、翻译下列句子：
你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他离开中国三年了。
教学过程
1.引入：I have read this book twice. Read 动作发生在过去。
2.现在完成时的动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。
3.现在完成时结构中have/has的作用：通过do/dose/be等联想法推导出have/has的语法能。
否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义是：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段）或since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时） Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since .
现在完成时和一般过去式的区别：
一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去，那么这两种时态有什么区别呢？ ①一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语如yesterday, last year, just now等连用；强调动作在过去发生，与现在无关。
②现在完成时与自已的特征词already ，yet ，just ，ever ，never，before等连用，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作。
例： He saw the film last night. (过去时，表示他昨晚看过那部电影了，现在不知还要不要再看一次)
He has (ever) seen the film before.（现在完成时，表示他已看过那部电影，现在不想再看了）
③现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的。如：live， work，study等。而一般现在时对动词是否延续无任何要求。
时间状语的区别：
除了我们讲过的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短语和 for短语外，还有许多时间状语常用于现在完成时，我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来：
1. lately, recently是完成时的`时间状语；just now 有a moment ago 之意，是过去时的时间状语。如：
Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now?
2. in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，常用于完成时中；in the past意思是“在过去”，常用于过去时中。 如：
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.
Where did you work in the past?
3. ever since then与from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意，但前者常用于完成时，而后两者常用于过去时。如：
She's lived here ever since then. I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.
4. before 通常用于完成时；...ago通常用于过去时。如：
I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago.
5. so far“到目前为止”， these days“这些天来”也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如： So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
What have you done these days?
持续性用法（肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词）：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。此时常与“for ＋一段时间或“since＋过去的点时间或从句（从句用一般过去时）以及so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。
例：
1）I've lived here since 1990．自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
= I've lived here since 21 years ago.
= I've lived here for 21 years.
= It is 21 years since I began to live here.
注意：①在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for(达到；累计)或since（自从。。。到现在）引出的时间状语连用。 ②对for和since引导的时间状语提问要用How long
1） 他入团两年了。
误：He has joined the League for two years．
正：He has been a League member for two years．
区别：have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法
1. have(has) been in 意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。
2. have(has) been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用。 如：
I've just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。
Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？
Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。
3. have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。如：
I've been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。
They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。
4. have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。 总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如： ---Where is Tom? ---He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。
三、例题精析
【【题干】Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
【解析】现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。正确答案是B。
【题干】Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
【解析】现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故应选B。
【题干】—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
【解析】现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故正确答案为B。
【基础】1. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
2. He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B.never C.ever D. Still
3. Have you met Mr Li ______?
A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago
答案及解析：
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。
1. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
2. -Our country ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better
3. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying
答案及解析：
1、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故2应选D。
3、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故3应选C。
【拔高】1. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
2. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
3. -These farmers have been to the United States .
-Really ? When _____ there ?
2、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故2应选B。
3、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week ,
3. 现在完成时和一般过去时对比和总结
1. -______ you ___ your homework yet ?
-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish
2. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
3. -Do you know him well ?
Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
2、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
1. -How long have you ____ here ?
-About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
2. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. Began
3. It _____ ten years since he left the army .
答案及解析：
1. Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
2. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
3. The students have cleaned the classroom, __________?
A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they
答案及解析：
1、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。
(一) 教材分析：
本模块以运动为话题综合运用一般过去时和现在完成时。这两个时态学生容易弄混，但能激起学生强烈的求知欲。而且，大部分同学对这个话题感兴趣，尤其是涉及及自己喜欢的运动项目及运动明星，因此他们乐于谈论。根据这个话题可以设计丰富的教学活动，比如观看各种各样的运动比赛。丰富的课余活动，开运动会等，都能就运动这个话题充分展开讨论，而且能运用任务型教学模式，培养学生的合作精神及创新思维。对运动的讨论还涉及到德育。通过不同的活动使学生认识到，运动能产生美。而运动员身上顽强拼搏，永不服输的精神无疑会对学生产生激励作用。
(二) 学情分析：
学生对于姚明非常熟悉，在这班有很多的男同学喜欢打篮球，而且还有一部分女同学喜欢看篮球比赛，他们都是姚明的球迷，我就抓住这个有利的契机，结合学生感兴题的话题把学生吸引住。而且，给合的北京奥运会，来学习本模块中所谈到的有关奥运的知识，这使学生很容易接受。
知识与技能目标：
1、复习实义动词的现在完成时及完成进行时，一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
2、宾语从句的使用，连词的使用过程与方法目标：通过小组活动谈论自己喜欢的运动项目及运动明星。
情感态度和价值观：通过谈论运动及运动员，培养学生养成良好的运动习惯，学习运动健儿永不服输的拼搏精神。
(二)教学重点：
1. 实义动词的现在完成时及完成进行时，一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
(三)教学难点：
学会用英语描述自己喜欢的运动员能综合运用各种时态，注意连词的使用能与同学就运动这个话题交换信息，开展一些模拟现实生活的活动并表演
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。
动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
举例：
I saw this film yesterday.
I have seen this film.
Why did you get up so early?
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
He has been a League member for three years.
He joined the League three years ago.
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
关于现在完成时上述例举了许多关于它的介绍，同学们可以在例句中寻找现在完成时的真谛。
关于英语中动词的种类知识，希望同学们很好的掌握下面的内容学习。
动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。
行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语;不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。
如：
More and more people study English.(vt)
The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)
连系动词本身有一定的`词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。
如：
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。
如：
How do you usually come to school?
The children are playing yo-yo now.
情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。
如：
Can I help you?
- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .
a. can与be able to的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的“能”;be able to用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而“能”。
b. must与have/has to的用法。must表示说话人主观认为“必须”，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时;have/has to表示客观需要，意为“不得不”，它可用于各种时态。
c.need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。
对于英语的学习中，关于动词不定式的形式知识点的内容，我们做下面的讲解学习哦。
1.作主语。 如：
To learn English is very important.
但实际上不定式作主语常用 it来作形式主语，而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。
如上句可表达为：
It's very important to learn English.
2.作表语。 如：
My idea is to ring him up at once.
3.作宾语。 如：
I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.
4.作宾语补足语。
a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如： The policemen asked him to get off the bus.
b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如： We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.
c. let, make, have这些使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中这些不带to的都须带上to。
如： In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.
d.动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语，可带to也可不带to。
如： Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?
5.作定语。
a.与被修饰词有动宾关系。如：I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词千万不要省略。
如： Maybe they have three rooms to live in.
b.与被修饰词有主谓关系。
如： Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.
c.与被修饰之间只有修饰关系。
如： I have no time to play cards.
d.作状语，表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。
如： I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.
e.不定式复合结构“for sb. to do sth” 作主语时，常用“It is +adj+ for
of sb. to do sth”的句式。形容词good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,
right, wrong, careful等用“It is +adj +of sb. to do sth.”
其他形容词用 for。
如：
It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.
It's very kind of you to help me.
8.动词不定式与疑问句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等连用。
如： I don't know when to start.
He didn't tell me where to go.
但上面结构相当于一个从句，故上述句子也可表达为：
I don't know when we'll start.
He didn't tell me where he would go.
注意：
a.有些动词或动词短语不能带不定式，只能接动词的-ing形式。
如： enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(错过),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。
如： The peasants are busy picking apples.
Would you mind my opening the door?
b.有些动词后可接不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式，但意思不同。
如： Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(该寄但还没做)
Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已经寄过信了)
They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)
同学们认真学习，下面是老师对短语动词的四种类型知识总结。
动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫短语动词。主要有四类：
有的一般不跟宾语，如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等;有的可以跟宾语，如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。
注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但若作宾语的是人称代词时，就只能放在动词和副词之间了。如：
We’ve decided to put the meeting off (=put off the meeting) . 我们决定把会议推迟。
We’ve decided to put it off. 我们决定将它推迟。(不说put off it)
如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必须接宾语。如：
I don’t care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。
如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如：
She soon caught up with us. 她很快赶上了我们。
如take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出贡献等。如：
Take care of your brother while I am away. 我不在的时候，你要照顾好你弟弟。
希望上面老师对短语动词的四种类型知识的讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握，相信同学们会学习的很好的哦。
关于英语中及物动词与不及物动词的知识学习，我们做下面的内容讲解。
根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如：
When will he arrive? 他什么时候到?(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词)
He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词)
有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：
The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。(不及物用法)
The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。(及物用法)
He is writing a letter. 他在写信。(及物用法)
The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。 (不及物用法)
The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。(及物用法)
下面是对英语中实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解，希望同学们很好的掌握。
根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如：
He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词)
He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词)
He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词)
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
一、引入：
-Did you visit Beijing before? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn’t.
Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I ________.
Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I ________.
二、定义:
现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成或仍在持续的动作、状态；强调对现在的影响或联系。
三、 结构:
接触一：肯定句式 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋过去分词”。如：
① We have just finished our homework．
② She has gone home．
注意：
1）该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。
2）该句式中have（has）和过去分词之间可用just插入。
3）把该句式译成汉语时，往往用“已经”、“刚刚”、“过”或“了”等。
接触二：否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。如：
⑥ We haven‘t studied Unit 2 yet．
⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet．
接触三：疑问句式 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
③ Have you read this story book yet？
特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下：
④ What have you done with my bike?
⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you?
注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。
2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，
往往译成“……过吗？”、“已经……了吗？”等。
3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，
否定回答用“No，．．．haven't（hasn't）．”，有时用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。
1）Worked，visited，asked，played，stayed 2）liked lived moved
3）stopped dropped robbed planned， preferred 4）carried，worried，tried，cried
五、现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用 :
1、ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已经） 、
3. in the past/last＋一段时间 : in the past ten years 在刚过去的十年里
4. since + 过去某一个时间: since 1991 : 自从1991年到现在
一段时间 + ago since 14 years ago: 自从前到现在
一般过去时句子: since I was born : 自从我出生到现在
already, yet, ever, never, just的用法
Already 肯定句，强调已经的意,放句中或句末.
I have already finished my homework.
= I have finished my homework already.
He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet?
ever 问句，表示曾经的意思 Has John ever been to Zhuhai?
never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思 He has never been to China.
just 肯定句，表示刚刚的意思 I have just come back from China.
练习：用already, yet, ever, never, just填空
1. Have you seen the film ( )?
2. Have you done your homework ( )? -Not ( ), I will do it after supper.
3. Have you ( ) been to England? -no, ( ).
4. I have ( ) finished reading the book.
5. I have ( ) paid for the car.
Joey has been in New York for 10 years.
Since + 时间点（具体时间/ … ago/ 某个动作发生的时间 ）：
Joey has been in New York since .
Joey has been in New York since ten years ago.
Joey has been in New York since he first arrived.
两者都可以回答由How long引导的问题。
How long has Joey been in New York?
1. The wind has blown ( ) 2 hours.
2. The dog has stayed there ( ) it ate its dinner.
3. ( ) has the old man lain in bed?
4. The teacher has thought about the problem ( ) yesterday.
5. The horse has run ( ) quite a long time.
6. The ducks have swum ( ) thirty minutes.
7. The poor child has worn the old clothes ( ) 7 years old.
Have (has) been to表示曾经到过某地（通常现在已经回来了）
My mother has been to London twice. 妈妈去过两次伦敦。（妈妈现在已经回来了，在家）
Have (has) gone to 表示已经去了某地（通常不在说话的`地方）
My mother has gone to London. 妈妈去了伦敦。（妈妈现在就在伦敦，不在家）
练习：
1. Jenny is well-traveled. She has ______________ to Germany twice.
2. Jane isn’t in now. She has ______________ to the office. Can I take a message?
3. My father is a successful businessman. He’s ______________ to many countries.
4. It’s a dangerous place. Nobody has ever ______________there.
5. The manager has ______________to Beijing. He will be back tomorrow.
6. The tiger of the zoo is missing. None of us knows where it has______________.
have been to, have been in, have been
Have been to 去过某地，现在不在那里 I have been to Paris. Now I am staying in Zhuhai.
I came to Zhuhai in . So I have been in Zhuhai for 2 years already.
Have been 后接名词和表状态的词组 I have been a teacher since 2004.
I have been at No. 4 Middle School for 2 years.
练习：
1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei?
B: He ______________the school library.
2.The Greens _____________China for three years.
We _____________the Great Wall twice. It’s very beautiful.
1. Some of us have ______________ Zhuhai for only a week.
2. Susan has ______________ in this band for over five years.
3. My father has ______________Guangdong several times.
4. It has ______________a long time since I first met Johnny.
5. He loves Zhuhai and he has ______________ there quite a few times.
6. Judie has always______________a good student and her classmates like her.
7. Tony has ______________ America before, so this time he will travel to France.
8. Betty’s ______________ at home for three days. She doesn’t feeling like going out.
9. The boss has ______________ the office since early this morning. He works hard.
延续动词表示经验、经历；
瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
Julia has borrowed the book. Julia已经借了那本书。
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
Julia has kept the book for 3 days. Julia已借了三天这本书了。
延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到…才…”
He didn‘t come back until ten o’clock. 他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。
瞬间动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.
buy– have catch(get) a cold –have a cold borrow—keep Come/go /become—be
Join the Party –be a Party member
die—be dead finish – be over begin—be on
leave—be away fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed
go to school– be in school join the army – be in the army
1.我们买这本书三年了.
We have had the book for three years.
We bought the book three years ago
2.他感冒三天了.
He has had a cold for three days.
He caught a cold three days ago.
1. His uncle ____________ (die) for two years.
2.He left his hometown three years ago. (改为同义句)
He ________ _______ _________ _______ his hometown for three years.
判断正误：
1. Ann has become a teacher for 4 years.
2. Maria has borrowed the CD from me for a over a week.
3. Jeff hasn’t had a day off since last Monday.
4. Norman has put the machine right for a few hours.
5. The students have finished the homework for a while.
6. The front door has been open for 8 hours already.
7. The meeting has lasted for two hours and a half.
8. Berry has been late for school several times this term.
9. I have met Philip once.
10. The Greens have eaten the supper for two hours.
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和过去具体的时间连用,而过去时可以.一般过去时常和过去时间短语连用。
1. He ____________(work) in our school for one year.
2. He ______(come) to our school last year/in .
3. They _______________(cook) the supper already.
4. They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.
练习：Finish the sentences with the correct tenses:
A city ________ (be) born beside the Pearl River years ago. Later it__________ (become) bigger and more important. It _______________ (change) a lot in the last few years. Now the Baiyun Hills,Tianhe and Fangcun_______________(be) parts of the City. Baiyun hotel ___________(be) once the tallest building in China. But now many buildings _________ ( be) much taller than it . People in Guangzhou ____________(build) many new buildings these years. In its long life, the city ___________(have) four names.Do you know what are they ?
1. You’ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _______?
A haven’t you B have you C do you D don’t you
2. --Ann has gone to Shanghai. ---So ________ her parents.
3. – I have watched the game.
--When ____ you ____ it?
A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch
4. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live
5. His grandma ______ for two years.
A died B has been dead C was dead D has died
6. –Where is Han Mei now?
--- She ____ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.
A has gone B has been C goes D had gone
7. ---_____ to the United Stated ? ---- No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.
A. Did you go B. Do you go C. Have you been D. Have you gone
8. You haven’t changed your mind,_______?
A do you B are you C have you D did you
1. I have already finished my homework．
我已经做完家庭作业了。
2. He has just had his meal．
他刚吃过饭。
3. Have you ever sung this English song？
你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？
4. They haven’t started yet．
他们还没有动身。
5. We have never heard of it．
我们从来没有听说过这件事。
6. I've been to Beijing three times.
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer . He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different place in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there , he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
1. Only one of these statements is true. Which one?
The writer has been in Australia for 6 months.
Tim is a mechanic and he’s working in Australia.
Tim is working for an Australian firm.
Tim is working for a big firm as an engineer.
2. Only one of these statements is true. Which one?
Time has been in Darwin for 6 months.
It’s the first time Tim has ever been to another country.
Perth is in the centre of Australia.
Tim’s brother has never been abroad before.
1、Talk about some places which you are interested in. Why do you like there?
2、用英语写一段话，要求组织好材料，安排层次，勘酌词句，并注意书写工整。
字数在60字以上。
1）上星期天我去杭州旅游。
2）我以前从没去过如此美丽的城市。
3）杭州以西湖著名，有许多名胜古迹。
4）游园，划船，爬山，美好时刻，终生难忘．
用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系,即:动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。
--他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里。
ihavehadmylunch.
--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿。
也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。
eg:hehaslearnedenglishsince.
--从开始学的,现在还在继续学。
（通过举例子来理解现在完成时的含义，由浅入深，层层递进，学以致用）
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响
（用数轴的形式来理解区别，更直观形象，更易接受，符合初中生学习的心理特点）
a.liu'aoisnothungry.hehasalreadyeaten.
b.su'anishungry.he'snoteatenyet.
c.haveyoueatenyet?
由此already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
我们已完成作业了。
wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.
他们还没有完成作业。
theyhaven’tfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.
a.i’vebeenheresince.
b.she’sbeenthereforanhour.
since：引导的短语表示时间点，意为“自从…以来”，如since1982
请在下列时间前填上for或since：
（这种归纳总结在语法教学中屡试不爽，反应也还比较快，效果可见一斑）
一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him.
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
3、Have you met Mr Li ______?
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past twoyear .
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well B. changed ;good
C. has changed ; better D. changed ;better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying B. will ; study
C. has ;studied D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. havebecome D. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ?
—About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
14、Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes .
15、 It _____ten years since he left the army .
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
17、My parents______ Shandong for ten years .
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. havethey D. haven’t they
19、 hasMr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left theuniversity
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2、现在完成时常与already(已经)，just(刚刚，正好)，ever(曾经)，never(从来，也不;从不)，before(以前)，yet(仍然)等连用。故2应选B。
4、现在完成时常与recently(近来)，so far(到目前为止)，in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用(含从句，从句过去时)。故6应选C。
8、现在完成时还与once(一次)，twice(两次)，three times(三次)，several times(几次)等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的'侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday , last week ,a moment ago等)连用。故9的正确答案为B。
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。”故16的正确答案为A。
（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：
（2）用法：
1）现在完成时通常表示在或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：
I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.
since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.
3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.
4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
houses. They have been empty ______ many years.
8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：
He has come here for 2 weeks. ×
The old man has died for 4 months. ×
They have left only for 5 minutes. ×
以上三句话可以改为：
He has been here for 2 weeks.
The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months.
They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes
2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：
Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）
They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）
They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.
3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：
She has already come. 她已经来了。
I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。
I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。
Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。
I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。
They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。
I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。
Exercise:
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen
II. Choose the best answer.
1. How long have you _______ here?
A. come B. got C. arrived D. been
2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.
3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been B. gone C. went D. never been
4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A. after B. since C. for D. that初中现在完成时专练。
5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?
--I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet
6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?
--Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had
7.--Do you know Lydia very well? --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned
8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live
9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?初中现在完成时专练。
A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to
10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school 就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)
I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句） (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die)
8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________?
2) My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? _________ ________ he _________ __________? __________ ___________ they __________ a book?
Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?
6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.
8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book.
9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.
12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.
14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.
说明：这里的have /has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 has，have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样，不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例：
1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。 (表示不要再抄了)
2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。 (表示到目前为止还没有找到)
(如果用过去时：She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到)
3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的)
说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not，has not的缩略式分别为haven't ，hasn't。另外，肯定句中有some，already时，改为否定时要分别改成any，yet。实例：
1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。
2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。
3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。
注：有时not可以用never代替，表示“从来没有”的意思。又如：
4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。
助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它 ?
说明：把陈述句中的'have或has放到句首，句末打问号，同时把句中的some ，already改为any ，ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ，主语+have/has.?否定回答用“No，主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No，not yet./No ，never./No，not even once.”等。实例：
1)—Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾经做过饺子吗?
—Yes ，I have .是的，我做过。
2)—Has she ever been abroad ?她曾经出过国吗?
—No，never.不，从来没有。
3)—Have they found the lost books yet ?他们已经找到了丢失的书吗?
—Yes ，they have.是的，他们找到了。
注意：当句中有否定词not ，hardly(几乎不)，never的时候，在改为反意疑问句时，附加部分用肯定形式。例如：You have never come to our school ，have you ?你以前从来没有来过我们学校，是吗?
(一)现在完成时的用法1：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此时，常与时间副词already(已经) ，yet(还、已经) ，just(刚刚、仅仅) ，ever(曾经) ，never(从不) ，before(以前)等连用。这几个副词的用法如下：
1.already意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。实例：
1)I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。
(“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。)
2)I've washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服。
注意：在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时，already也可用于(口语)疑问句中。实例：
3)Have you met him already ?你(真的)已经见过他了?
2.yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。实例：
1)—Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗?
—No，not yet.不，还没有。
2)The woman hasn't found her dog yet .
那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。(没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响)
3.just意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：
He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来。
4.ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：
1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗?
2)I haven't ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话。
5.never意为“从来没有”常与before连用(before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：
I have never travelled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。
6.before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。实例：
1)Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗?
2)I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜。
(二)现在完成时用法二2——持续性用法(肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词)：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。此时常与“for +一段时间?或“since+过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时)以及so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。
实例：
1)I've lived here since 1990.自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
= I've lived here since 13 years ago.
= I've lived here for 13 years.
= It is 13 years since I began to live here.
2)I haven't seen him for three years .我三年没有看见他了。
= I haven't seen him since three years ago
= I haven't seen him since .
= It is 3 years since I saw him last time.
3)Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city .
自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。
4)She's been at this school since five years ago.
自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
注意：①在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for(达到;累计)或since(自从。。。到现在)引出的时间状语连用。
1) 他入团两年了。
误：He has joined the League for two years.
正：He has been a League member for two years.
2)我买这辆自行车三年了。
误：I have bought this bike for three years.
正：I have had this bike for three years.
2) ▲部分短暂性动词与之对应的延续性动词：
become interested in → be interested in
有人可能会问：一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去，那么这两种时态有什么区别呢?
☆答：①一般过去时与具体的表示过去时间状语如：yesterday连用;强调动作在过去发生，与现在无关。
②现在完成时与自已的特征词连用，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作。
例： He saw the film last night. (过去时，表示他昨晚看过那部电影了，现在不知还要不要再看一次)
He has (ever) seen the film before.(现在完成时，表时他已看过那部电影，现在不想再看了)
相信《现在完成时课件实用》一文能让您有很多收获！“幼儿教师教育网”是您了解幼师资料，工作计划的必备网站，请您收藏yjs21.com。同时，编辑还为您精选准备了现在完成课件专题，希望您能喜欢！
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