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外研版八年级下册英语Module 2 Friendship Unit1教
学设计
作者：admin 资源来源：本站原创 点击数：
一。教材分析
1.《新标准》英语采用发现式语法学习法： 呈现---提问---发现---总结，培养学生自主学习的能力。宾语从句是初中阶段较难掌握的，在JEFC教材中出现在九年级，现提早了一个学期，所以难度较大。这需要老师很好地设计课堂教学活动。
2.本模块以友谊为话题，通过听力、对话和阅读材料的学习介绍了宾语从句。友谊是同学们较为感兴趣的话题，也与他们自身经历相关。借助友谊展开话题讨论，同时培养学生关爱他人的情感。
二。学情分析
1.知识基础：部分学生缺少丰富的语言基础，对某些任务的完成有一定的难度。
2.思维能力：有较强的记忆力和模仿能力，有待培养知识的扩展运用能力。
3.认知心理：有较强的求知欲和表现欲，部分学生存在不自信，羞于表现等思想顾虑。
三。教学目标
1.语言技能目标：
听：能听懂用宾语从句表述的意义。说：能运用不同宾语从句来询问和表达友谊。
读：能读懂阅读文章，理解语篇主题和细节。写：能用宾语从句来写与友谊有关的短文。
2.语言知识目标：
1）能利用宾语从句讨论与友谊有关的话题。正确使用宾语从句的三种句式。
2）能够理解下列单词和词组：a couple of, junior high school
3）能够正确使用本模块中出现的四会词及短语。
3.情感态度目标：
1）通过对友谊的交流，掌握如何与他人交朋友，理解自己生活中情感影响的重要性。
2）引导学生与他人合作，相互帮助，共同完成学习任务，尽情享受学习的乐趣。
4.学习策略目标：
1）自主学习能够结合个人的情况预习教材和拓展。
2）合作学习能够与同学交流学习心得体会，共享学习策略。
四。教学重点与难点
教学重点： 正确运用宾语从句描述友谊。
教学难点： 宾语从句的引导词、语序及时态。
五。教学过程
Step 1 Warming up
are you from? is his name?
do you ask? do you ask?
ask where you are ask what his name is.设计意图 通过问与答的形式，呈现宾语从句，为下异步的操练做准备。
Step 2 Pair work
are you from? is your good friend from?
S1: Where are you from? S1: Where is your good friend from?
S2: I am from… S2: My good friend…is from…
S1: S2 says that he / she is from… S1: S2 says that …
设计意图 联系学生生活实际，体现用中学原则。用地图操练巩固目标句型---that引导的宾语从句。
Step 3 Group work
something about my good friend
S1 has heard that Sally…
S2 knows that Sally…
S3 says that Sally…
I think that Sally…
设计意图 通过谈论熟悉人物 Sally, 进一步加强目标语的操练。同时，相互交流和帮助又培养了合作精神。
Step 4 Presentation
talk
you ever made telephone calls?
Who do you usually call?
a telephone call with a the other students an example.（suppose tomorrow is Saturday, you want to invite someone to have a picnic with you.）
T: Hello, this is Miss Wu I speak to LiHui?
S1: Hello, Miss Wu, this is LiHui are you?
T: I'm fine , ,LiHui, we are going to have a picnic tomorrow, would you like to go with us?
S1: Great!I'd love and where shall we meet?
T: Let's meet at half pass 8, at our school : Ok, see you : See you and find out:
What do Ann's mother and Bill talk about on the phone?
（事先交代情景： Ann's classmate Bill called Ann wasn't 's mother answered the phone.）
Expressions of making telephone calls:
Hello!Could I speak to Ann, please?
I'm afraid she isn't here right I take a message for you?
This is 'll give her the message…
设计意图 新语言项目在情景中自然呈现，比较中、英文打电话的不同用语，引导学生判断、总结，从而达到理解、学习并运用语言的目的。充分体现了学习的过程。
Step 5 Practice
and find out how many people you hear.（Turn to page 10-1）
and number the order.（Turn to page 10-2）
a telephone telephoned Father wasn't answered the telephone.（用两只电话机让学生在课堂上表演）
Activity 5, 2, 3, 4
设计意图 在常规听力练习中进一步提高学生听的能力，在尽可能真实的情景中巩固打电话用语。
Step 6 Presentation Why does Sally call Chen Huan?
设计意图 激发求知欲望。顺利进入新课的学习。
Step 7 Listening and reading:（Turn to Page 10-3）
and answer the questions:
1）How many persons are there in the dialogue？
2）Where are they?
and answer（必须用宾语从句回答）
1）What does Chen Huan say? He says that…
2）What does Sally say? She says that …
and check（√）the true sentences.（Turn to Page 11-4）
设计意图 听读两方面入手，由易到难，层层推进，重视对学生学习能力和技巧的培养。
Step8 Exercise
the words with their and answer the questions about the words in the box.（Turn to p11-5）
设计意图 由单词的复习过渡到句子的复习，既培养学生在语境中理解、识记单词的能力，又为新课的学习起到较好的铺垫作用。
Homework
your teacher
假设10年后，你参加工作，当了一名记者，回来看望老师。学生自由向老师提问，老师重复学生的问题，很自然地引出新知识---疑问句的宾语从句。: Miss Ni, do you still like teaching English?
T: S1 wants to know if I still like teaching 'm glad to tell you that I like teaching English very .给好朋友打个电话，请他来参加你的生日晚会。
设计意图
1.英语是一门语言，而语言是用来交际的。只有多听、多读，才能让我们的英语说得更加流利，掌握得更加牢固。
2.让学生学会一切可利用的资源来获取更多的学习信息。学习活动由课堂向课外延伸。
3.贯彻从师生交流到生生交流的原则，在体现学生自主学习的同时，注重教师的示范作用。
Lesson 33 教学设计
Teaching content:
1. new words: living room, kitchen, bathroom
2. a dialogue about Li Ming’s arriving in Canada
3. let sb. do sth.
4. introduce sth./sb. to sb.
Lesson objectives
After this lesson, students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the text
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary and know some important words for transportation
3. write something about means of transportation
4. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts
Key points
1. the usage of let
2. introduce sth. to sb.
Difficult points: the usage of let
Teaching aids: a picture of living room/ kitchen/ bathroom, some cards, slide projector
Type: dialogue
Teaching procedure
Class opening (5 minutes)
Introduce the topic for Unit 5. Please read about introducing units in “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide.
Student book (15 minutes)
There are two reading for this lesson. Teach the first reading. The second reading is for students to use independently.
The readings present new vocabulary and review vocabulary the students have learned in previous lessons.
The new vocabulary for this lesson includes the following words and phrases:
Mastery Vocabulary
Can, on foot, take a plane/train
Can/could I/you…?
Of course.
Oral Vocabulary
Rapid, transportation, type (n.)
Before you begin the reading, introduce unit project 1. See “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide for general information about introducing unit projects. Also see the Unit 5 introductory page in this teacher’s guide. Instructions for unit project 1 are in the student book.
There are many ways to teach immersion reading. Here are some step-by step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson. Also see “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide for general information about teaching readings.
Step l: Check to see if the students have previewed the text. Ask if they have any questions concerning the meaning of the text. Encourage other students to try to answer the questions.
Step 2: Play the audiotape. Use your discretion to decide whether you want to spend some time on the new vocabulary. You may want to ask students to explain the meaning of some sentences containing key words. What strategies did they use to puzzle out the meanings? Remember to give lots of praise for a good try, even if it's wrong. It may be helpful to write the following phrases on a large piece of paper or on the blackboard, as a review. This will be helpful for students to refer to in the next step.
(to go) on foot
take a bus/taxi/car
ride a bike/the train
(to go to someplace) in a car
If you wish, you may say something about the word type in comparison with' the word kind, which the students learned in the last unit.
Step 3: Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to talk about their usual means of transportation in moving around the city and travelling around the country. Encourage students to use the phrases that you have listed as well as to borrow phrases and sentence patterns from the text.
Step 4:Ask for three volunteers to act out the text.
They can choose to read aloud their lines from the reading. They can also improvise and create lines of their own.
Unit project 1: History of a type of transportation (15 minutes)
Begin unit project 1. This project covers three lessons. Working in groups,' students will complete a project to present to the class.
Divide the class into small groups of three or four students. Each group chooses a type of transportation for the project. Instruct students to begin collecting information about that type of transportation. They will prepare a comic strip or timeline of important dates in its development.
Teaching tip
Set up a contest for good group work.
Here's a way to encourage good group work among your students.
Tell the class that each group starts with a score of ten in each of these categories: project plan, cooperation, use of English, quietness, progress, final product. Write these across the top of the blackboard. Along the left side Of the blackboard, write a list of the groups names.
Add or subtract scores according to each group's performance. For example, if a group is trying to use a lot of English, give it two points (so now it has twelve points in that category). If a group is working with too much noise, subtract a point from that group in that category.
Keep track of the scores each day over the course of a project. What group has the highest score?
Activity book (5 minutes)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Fill in the blanks:
Write the words you hear.
Dinosaur Fun Park
Hi, this is Danny: I will tell you a story about my trip to Dinosaur Fun Park!
Dinosaur Fun Park is a fun place for dinosaurs. There is lots of dinosaur food there. Dinosaur food is very good for dinosaurs. It is like people food, but it is bigger. Dinosaur cookies are as big as kitchen tables. There are lots of dinosaur games, too. Many dinosaurs play dinosaur ping-pong. It is like people ping-pong, but the ball is bigger. Dinosaur ping-pong uses a basketball!
I loved Dinosaur Fun Park, but I am too small to live there. If I grow bigger, maybe I will visit again!
Class closing (5 minutes)
Below is the suggested homework for this lesson. Aim to give students about thirty minutes of homework. Use your discretion in deciding how much. reading or how many exercises to assign as homework. Base your decision on students' progress.
the first reading in the reader
the remaining activity book exercises
the next lesson in the student book
Lesson 34 教学设计
Teaching content
1． new words: refrigerator, inside, wash, juice, pass, knife, mine
2． a dialogue about having breakfast
3． the usage of would like
4． introduce sth.
Lesson objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the text
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary and know something about the development of the airplane
3. write something about airplanes
Key points
1． Time for sth. =It’s time for sth. =It is time to do sth.
2． What would you like? I would like…
Difficult points: would like to do sth.
Teaching aids: a picture of stove/ refrigerator, sink, some real things or some pictures of food, audiotape
Type: dialogue
Teaching procedure
Class opening (5 minutes)
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide.
Student book (15 minutes)
There is one reading for this lesson. The reading presents new vocabulary and reviews the vocabulary students have learned in previous lessons.
The new vocabulary for this lesson includes the following words and phrases:
Mastery Vocabulary
airport, passenger, station, railway, fly
Oral Vocabulary
runway
For general suggestions about teaching immersion reading, please see “Teaching Techniques” in the back of this guide. Here are some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson.
Step 1: Check to see if the students have previewed the text. Ask if they have any questions concerning the meaning of the text. Encourage other students to try to answer the questions. Ask if they know anything about airplanes beyond what is said in the reading.
Step 2: Play the audiotape. Have the class follow the audiotape while looking at the text. You can decide whether you think it is necessary to spend some time on the new vocabulary.
Step 3: Ask the students to work individually to summarize the main ideas of the reading in five or six sentences.
Stop 4: Ask for one or two volunteers to read their summaries aloud to the class. Do other students agree with what has been presented as the main ideas? Discuss as a class. Use as much English as possible.
Unit project 1: History of a type of transportation (continued) (15 minutes)
Continue unit project 1. Students continue to work on their projects. Advise students that they should finish the projects during this lesson. They will present their projects during the next lesson.
Activity book (5 minutes)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Follow 'the instructions.
a. Fill in the blanks. Write the words you hear.
Hi. Do you remember me? My name is Chad! I invented the dog-waterer. Do you have one yet? Thanks to me, there are no more thirsty dogs!
My family went on a trip this summer. We went on a ship. Passengers on the ship could sleep or play games. There were swimming pools and movie theatres on the ship! Our rooms were very big.
My mum and dad liked the ship. They did not have to cook or clean. My dad Cried when our trip was over!
Below is the suggested homework for this lesson.
Aim to give students about thirty minutes of homework. Use your discretion in deciding how much reading or how many exercises to assign as homework. Base your decision on students' progress.
the second reading in the reader
the remaining activity, book exercises
the next lesson in the student book
Lesson 35 教学设计
Teaching content
1． new words: mitten, usually, sometimes, ride, always
2． a dialogue about Li Ming’s going to school in Canada
3． usage of sometimes, usually
Lesson objectives
After this lesson, students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the text
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary and know something about the development of the bicycle
3. write something about bicycles
4. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts
Key points: usage of usually and sometimes
Difficult points: usually and sometimes
Preparations: pictures, audiotape, slide projector
Type: dialogue
Teaching procedure
Class opening (5 minutes)
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide.
Student book (15 minutes)
There is one reading for this lesson. The reading presents new vocabulary and reviews the vocabulary students have learned in previous lessons.
The new vocabulary for this lesson includes the following words and phrases:
Mastery Vocabulary
all right, get off, get on, ride, seat (n.)
Oral Vocabulary
pedal (n.). wheel
There are many ways to teach immersion reading.
Here are some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson.
Step 1: Check to see if the students have previewed the text.
Ask if they have any questions concerning the meaning of the text. Encourage other students to try to answer the questions. Ask if they know anything about bicycles, beyond what is said in the reading.
Step 2: Play the audiotape. Have the class follow the audiotape while looking at the text. You can decide whether you want to spend some time on the vocabulary listed above.
Step 3: Ask the students to work individually to summarize the main ideas of the reading in five or six sentences.
Step 4: ASk for one or two volunteers to read their summaries aloud to the class. Do other students agree with what has been presented as the main ideas? Discuss as a class. Use as much English as possible.
Unit project 1: History of a type of transportation (Continued 15 minutes)
Conclude unit project 1. Groups present their work to the class. Depending on class size and the length of presentations, you may wish to divide up the class.
Groups would then present their projects to one portion of the class.
Activity book (5 minutes)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Fill in the blanks.
Write the words you hear.
Babo's Bike, Part One
Have you heard the story of Babo? No?
Then I will tell you about Babo.
Babo lived a long time ago. He did not work hard. He had a big basket. Every morning,
Babo filled the basket with apples. Then he walked along the street. People bought Babo's apples. Babo's basket was always empty when the evening came. But Babo was very poor.
One day, Babo saw a man riding a bicycle:
But it wasn't a bicycle! It had only one wheel! People were watching the man. They were singing, “Ron the Rider! Ron the Rider!” Some of them gave money to Ron.
Class closing (5 minutes)
Below is the suggested homework for this lesson. Aim to give students about thirty minutes of homework. Use your discretion in deciding how much reading or how many exercises to assign as homework. Base your decision on students progress.
the third reading in the reader
the remaining activity book exercises
the next lesson in the student book
LESSON 36 教学设计
Teaching content
1. new words；year, same, glad, classmate
2. a dialogue about Li Ming’s meeting Jenny’s class
3. meet and introduce each other
4. usage of speak and same
Lesson objectives
After this lesson, students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the song and sing the ong well
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary
3. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts
Key points:
1. introduce to each other
2. speak and same
Difficult points: usage of word same
Teaching aids: audiotape, recorder, pictures
Type: dialogue
Teaching procedure
Class opening (5 minutes)
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide.
Student book (15 minutes)
The reading for this lesson is a song. The audiotape presents the song; the words to the song are in the student book.
The new vocabulary for this lesson includes the following words and phrases:
Mastery Vocabulary
drive, get in
No Parking!
Yes/Certainly.
You'd better not.
Oral Vocabulary
highway
See “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher's guide for suggestions on teaching songs.
Here are some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the song in this lesson.
Step 1 Have the class read the lyrics aloud as a poem. You may divide the class into two groups. Each group will read one line at a time. Make sure students can read rhythmically with a good sense of the rhymes!
Step 2: Play the audiotape. Have the class follow in their books.
Step 3: Practice singing the song repeatedly until the students can sing it well.
Class activity How to get from here to there (15 minutes)
In this activity, students can have fun discussing transportation. Write several false statements about transportation on the blackboard. For example:
I will drive my car across the Pacific Ocean to get to Canada.
At the airport, I will take the train to Beijing.
I will fly my bicycle to school.
Ask for volunteers to correct these statements. Then ask each student to make up three false sentences about transportation. Have students choose partners. The students exchange their sentences with their partner. Each partner works to correct the other's sentences. Then students compare their corrections. Do partners agree on how to correct the sentences?
Activity book (5 minutes)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Fill in the blanks. Write the words you hear.
Babo's Bike, Part Two
Later, Babo saw Ron the Rider walking along the sidewalk. He had his one-wheeled bicycle. “Do you like riding your one-wheeled bicycle?” Babo said to Ron.
“No. It is hard work,” said the man. “And I am poor. 1 work hard and I make little money.”
“I make little money, too,”said Babo. “But I do not work hard. I fill this basket with apples. People come and buy them from me.”
Ron the Rider laughed. “I will give you my one-wheeled bicycle if you give me your basket” he said.
Class closing (5 minutes)
There is no specific reading from the reader to assign as homework for this lesson.
This is a chance for students to catch up if they are behind.
Suggested homework for this lesson includes:
the remaining exercises in the activity book
the next lesson in the student book
diary-writing and ,group verb-tense Studies
Lesson 37 教学设计
Teaching content
1. new words: temperature, outside, cup, shape, circle, line, pizza
2. a dialogue L Ming and his friends
3. how to ask and answer about the temperature
Lesson objectives
1. After this, students should be able to understand the meaning of the text
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary and know some words that can help one imagine future transporttation
3. write something about transportation in the future
4. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts.
Key points: express weather
Difficult points: how to express weather
Type: dialogue
Preparations: pictures of different shapes, audiotape, recorder, slide projector
Class opening
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see “Teaching Techniques” at back of this teacher’s guide. You may wish to have the class sing “Let’s Take a Drive.”
Student book( fifteen minutes)
There is one reading for this lesson. The reading presents new vocabulary and reviews the vocabulary for this lesson includes the following words and phrases:
Mastery Vocabulary
round (adj)
Oral Vocabulary
invent, present (v. ), presentation
Before you begin the reading, introduce unit projects 2. see “ Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher’s guide for general information about introductory page in this teacher’s guide, Instructions for unit project 2 are in the student book.
There are many ways to teach immersion reading. Here is some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson.
Step 1: Check to see if the students have previewed the reading as required. Ask if they have any questions concerning the meaning of the text.
Encourage other students to try to answer the questions.
Step 2: Play the audiotape. Have the class follow the audiotape while looking at the text. At this point, you may wish to ask the students to explain the meaning of some sentences containing key words or phrases. What strategies did they use to puzzle out the meanings? Remember to give lots of praise for a good try, even if it's wrong.
Step3: Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to use their imagination and talk about their ideas for new types of transportation. They should try to use what they have learned in this unit to talk about their inventions.
Step 4: Have some groups volunteer to tell the rest of the class about their inventions.
Step 5: If you have time, ask three volunteers to act out the reading in any way they choose.
UNIT PROJECT 2: FUTURE TYPE OFTRANSPORTATION （15 MINUTES)
Begin unit project 2. This project covers two lessons. Divide the class into small groups. Each group thinks up a new type of transportation for the future and begins to prepare a presentation about it for the class. They should include a drawing.
ACTIVITY BOOK (5 MINUTES)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Follow the instructions.
a. Listen. Fill in the blanks. Write the words you hear.
Babo's Bike, Part Three
Babo learned how to ride Ron's bicycle. It was very hard work to ride the one-wheeled bike. So Babo thought of a new way to make his money.
One day, there was a rope in the air above the street. Babo was on the rope. He was on his one-wheeled bicycle! Babo rode his bike across the rope. Many people stopped to watch. They were very interested. They gave Babo lots of money! Babo was rich!
CLASS CLOSING (5 MINUTES)
Below is the suggested homework for this lesson.
Aim to give students about thirty minutes of homework. Use your discretion in deciding how much reading or how many exercises to assign as homework. Base your decision on students' progress.
the fourth reading in the reader
the remaining activity book exercises
the next lesson in the student book
Lesson 38 教学设计
TEACHINGCONTENT
1. new words: dry, bike, bear
2. a dialogue between Li Ming and his teacher
3. usage of some words: always, usually, sometimes, never
KEY AND DIFFICULT POINTS: usage of some adverbs: always, usually, sometimes, never
TYPE: dialogue
TEACHING AIDS: some different tapes, audiotape, recorder, slide projector
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the text
2. remember and use the mastery vocabulary and know some words that can help one imagine new types of transportation
3. write something about future transportation
4. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts
CLASS OPENING (5 MINUTES)
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see “Teaching Techniques” at the back of this teacher's guide .You may wish to have the class sing “Let's Take a Drive,”
STUDENT BOOK (15 MINUTES)
There is one reading for this lesson. The reading reviews the vocabulary students have learned in previous lessons. There is no new vocabulary for this lesson.
There are many ways to teach immersion reading.
Here are some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson.
Step 1: Check to see if the students have previewed the text as required. Ask if they have any questions. Encourage other students to try to answer the questions. To check how well students understand this reading, you may find it helpful to ask questions such as:
Who is Sam? When and where did you meet him?
What new type of transportation would Sam like to invent'?
Step 2: Play the audiotape.
Step 3: Discuss the reading with students. Use as much English as possible. Ask questions to make it easier for students to participate in the discussion. Ask questions such as:
What is space?
What is a spaceship?
Do you have an idea for a future type of transportation?
Is Sam's idea for a future type of transportation the same as yours?
Step 4: Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to continue to talk about their ideas of inventions by using words, expressions and sentence patterns they have learned in this unit. Instruct the groups to write five to six sentences describing their inventions. If there is time, have some groups share what they have written with the rest of the class.
UNIT PROJECT 2: FUTURE TYPE OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) (15 MINUTES)
Conclude unit project 2. The groups present their future type of transportation to the class. Depending on class size and the length of presentations, you may wish to divide up the class. Groups would then present their projects to one portion of the class.
ACTIVITY BOOK (5 MINUTES)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Look at these questions.
Can you choose the correct answers? Please try.
1. Tom says, “I like this TV show very much.”
2. Li Ming says, “It is October 1. It is China's National Day.”
3. Li Ming Says, “1 would like brown shoes, please?
4. Li Ming says, ”Where are you getting off?“ Wang Mei says, ”At the next stop. Where are you getting off?“
Li Ming says, ”The stop after next.“
CLASS CLOSING (5 MINUTES)
Below is the suggested homework for this lesson. Aim to give students about thirty minutes of homework. Use your discretion in deciding how much reading or how many exercises to assign as homework. Base your decision on students' progress.
the fourth reading in the reader
the remaining activity book exercises
the next lesson in the student book
Lesson 39 教学设计
TEACHING CONTENT
1. mastery words; watch, toilet
2. a dialogue and a short text
3. the Present Continuous Tense
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, students should be able to
1. understand the meaning of the text
2. memorize what is reviewed in this lesson and talk/write something about a fun project for inventions
3. understand and write down some missing words as heard in sentences or passages in different contexts
KEY POINTS
1. the Present Continuous Tense
2. look, watch and see
DIFFICULT POINTS: the Present Continuous Tense
TYPE: a dialogue and a short text
TEACHING AIDS: some food, some pictures of furniture, audiotape, recordeer
CLASS OPENING (5 MINUTES)
For ideas and tips on beginning a class, see ”Teaching Techniques“ at the back of this teacher's guide. You may wish to have the class sing ”Let's Take a Drive.“
STUDENT BOOK (10 MINUTES)
There is one reading for this lesson. It reviews the vocabulary for this unit. There is no new vocabulary in this lesson.
There are many ways to teach immersion reading. Here are some step-by-step instructions for one way to teach the reading in this lesson. Also see ”Teaching Techniques“ at the back of this teacher's guide for more general information about teaching readings.
Step 1: Check to see if the students have previewed the text as required. Ask if they have any questions. Encourage other students to try to answer the questions. As a quick review, ask students to name the words they know for different kinds of vehicles.
Step 2: Play the audiotape.
Step 3: Depending upon how much time you have you may divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to think about, discuss and then write an e-mail in response to Jenny's e-mail to Li Ming. if there is time, ask some groups to share their writings with the rest of the class.
VERBS (20 MINUTES)
Review the irregular verbs in this unit: drive, ride and sly. See ”Teaching Techniques“ at the back of this teacher's guide for recommended methods of teaching verbs.
Review the verb can, which is also in this unit.
This is a special verb, like might. The students learned the verb ”might' in Level 1 of junior school.
Do they remember what might means? Write this list on the blackboard:
I go. I might go.
He goes. He might go.
We go. We might go.
I run. I might run.
He runs. He might run.
We run. We might run.
Now ask for volunteers to write the same phrases with the word “can.”
I can go.
He can go.
We can go.
I can run.
He can run.
We can run.
What do the phrases mean? “I (verb)” describes what you are doing now. “I might ” expresses uncertainty. You might do something, but you might not. “1 can” expresses an ability. If you can do something, you are able to do it.
Sometimes “can” expresses permission. For example, you might ask your parents: “Can I go to the cinema?” If they permit you to go, they might say: “Yes, you can.”
ACTIVITY BOOK (5 MINUTES)
Play the audiotape. The aural exercises for this lesson are:
1. Listen to the audiotape. Look at these questions. Can you choose the correct answers? Please try.
1. Li Ming says, “It is cold, isn't it?”
Wang Mei says, “Yes it is. It might get colder. It might snow.”
2. Mrs. Brown says, “There will be a good program on TV. It is about making movies. Don't forget to watch it. ?'
3. Brian says, ”I saw Tim today. He is my good friend. I haven't seen him for many weeks. He looks great. I saw him at a restaurant.“
4. Danny says, ”I'm looking for Brian. I can't find him. Have you seen him?“
Jenny says, ”Yes. I saw him in the library.
He was looking up some words in the dictionary."
CLASS CLOSING (5 MINUTES
There is no specific reading from the reader to assign as homework for this lesson. This is a chance for students to catch up if they are behind.
Suggested homework for this lesson includes:
the remaining exercises in the activity book
一、说教材
1、教材的地位和作用
在单元第10课是一篇题为“ MAKF OUR WORLD MORE BEAUTIFUL ^v^的阅读教材，通过对环境保护这一话题的叙述增强学生环境保护的意识，懂得如何在日常生活中保护环境，文中主要运用现在完成时态的句子，其中也穿插了一般现在时和过去时，学生在特定的语境中感觉和发现英语时态的变化，从而达到正确运用英语的时态能力。
2、教学目的
教学大纲指出要从英语的学科的特点出发，激发培养学
生的兴趣，帮助学生树立学习英语的信心，克服学习中产生的畏惧心理和困难，建立语感，掌握语言基本知识和技能。
(1)知识目标
这一课的知识目标很明确，就是围绕“环境保护”这一话题，继续学习和巩固现在完成时态的用法，利用本课所学习的话题，把功能与语法教学紧密结合一起。
(2)能力目标
本课首先利用课前问题(pre-reading questions )，启发学生利用已有的知识经验，对课文内容进行预测，就有关话题开展讨论，通过阅读验证自己的推测，吸取信息，掌握新的知识，丰富经验，从而达到独立阅读的能力。
3、教材的重点、难点、关键
(1)重点：本课重点 在其运用完成时态的句子谈论环保这一话题。
(2)难点：对课文内容及时态含义的理解。
(3)关键：在于是否能突破难关，达到正确运用完成时态表达句意、理解全文的目标。
各位评委老师上午好!
今天我说课的内容是新目标英语八年级上册Unit4 How do you get to school?第一课时(1a---1c)。教材分析 (一) 教材的地位和作用
本课为新目标八年级上册第四单元的第一课时。本单元的中心话题是“transportation”,它与学生的日常生活紧密联系在一起的本课的教学围绕“谈论如何去上学”这一话题展开教学，引导学生通过本课的语言素材看图说话、句型操练、实际描述，对话表演使学生学会用英语。本课还学习以how引导的特殊疑问句，通过问答训练，进一步提高学生听、说、读、写综合素质能力。 (二)教学目标(知识目标、能力目标、情感目标、学习策略目标) 1.知识目标
(1)掌握新单词：
subway heytrain (2)掌握以how引导的特殊疑问句的问答
How do you get to school ? How does he / she get to school?
2.能力目标
提高学生听，说，读，写，综合运用知识的能力。
3.德育目标
发挥学生的潜能，能谈论自己及周围人的上学，上班，回家，或旅游的交通方式，调动学生应用英语的积极性，学会关心别人。
确立教学目标的依据： 根据英语教学大纲规定，通过听、说、读、写的训练，使学生获得英语基础知识和为交际初步运用英语的能力，激发学生的学习兴趣，为进一步学习打好初步的基础。此外，也根据我国国情和外语教学大纲的要求，根据现阶段外语教学的素质教育的要求. (三)重点和难点：
根据本课的教学内容及在本单元中的地位，与学生的实际情况，制定以下的重点与难点
重点：以how引导的特殊疑问句; How do you get to school ? How does he/she get to school? I take the bus . He/She takes the train.
难点：多种搭乘交通工具的表达方式 (四)教学辅助工具：图表 ，多媒体。 二、学情分析
经过一年多的英语学习学生已具有一定的英语综合能力，也积累了一定的英语词汇量，如相关的交通工具名称。同时已熟悉了一般现在时第三人称单数动词的变化。本课学习不会很困难。
1、教学方法：
结合教材及学情，遵循教学原则和认知规律，采用情景教学法，听说法，导入话题，采用任务型教学途径，在活动中以循序渐进法来突破重点，让学生在用中学、学中用。
(1) 情景教学法：联系实际生活，创设情景，激活学生的想像力，激发学生使用英语进行交流的兴趣和欲望。
(2) 听说法：用师生，生生互动的方式，共同观察图片，激活学生的已有知识，使学生主动建构自己的语言知识，从而有效地习得语言。
(3) 任务型语言模式：根据学生实际，以学生为中心，合理组织教学，把各个教学目标融入到教学任务中，学生完成任务过程就是课堂教学的过程，即Learning by doing ,doing is learning.学生在教师指导下通过体验、实践、参与、探索和合作等方式，发现语言规律，逐步掌握语言知识和技能，学生的自信感逐步增强，从而体验到成功的喜悦。
2、学习策略：
以学生为中心，通过观察课件画面，进行两人一组的pairwork情景对话练习。还有四人一组的小组合作学习，让学生学会分工合作，在合作中，相互探讨、交流，从而获得知识，技能和情感体验。利用朗朗上口的chant,调动学生的学习积极性，同时培养语言的节奏感.
四.教学流程
Step 1. Greetings
Good morning ?
How are you?
How the weather today ?
意图：. 复习日常用语，准备进入新课。
Step2 Lead—in
Show a picture from the house to the school .Ask Ss ,How do get to school?
A student replies,Bike,say,oh,you ride your repeat. I ride my bike .the class ,Today we’re taking about how you get to school.
意图：.通过创设语言场景，让学生清楚明确本节课要学什么。
about transportation
Let the Ss look at the pictures on the screen and teach them words about transportation
bicycle/ bike subway train bus car taxi plane ship
Encourage the Ss to say more transportation ways
walk /on foot motorbike …
意图:为下一步的情景对话做好铺垫。
Step4 presentation
Show some pictures in ppt
How do you get to school ? take the train /car/plane
I walk to school. / I go to school on foot take subway /ship/bus
I take the bus. ride my bike/bicycle
How does he /she get to school? He /She takes the bus to school.
方法：师生问答、生生问答，两人一组对话
意图联系实际生活，创设情景，激活学生的想像力，激发学生使用英语进行交流的兴趣和欲望
学会掌握以how引导的特殊疑问句，以及多种交通方式的表达。掌握本课的重难点。
Step51a
Books open! Write down more ways to get to school. Check the answers and read gether.
意图：巩固搭乘交通工具的多种表达
Step61b(listening)
Let the Ss listen and write numbers
意图：训练学生的听力能力
Look at the conversation
先让学生读出对话, 再学生两人一组做对话，谈论图中的人都是怎样上学的，最后， 让几组同学到班级前做对话。
意图：运书上的情景图再反复操练how引导的特殊疑问句，以及多种交通方式的表达。掌握本课的重难点
Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
I go to school by bike or by bike. Do you go to Shanghai by plane or by bike? I go to Shanghai by plane or by plane. Do you go to Xi’an by train or by train? I go to Xi’an by train ,by train . 意图：让学生在轻松愉快中学习,迎合学生的年龄特点。
(groupwork)
Work in group of four ,talk about how do you get to school?,and fill in the chart.
Name
Get to school
意图：通过小组活动，培养合作学习意识。活动中小组进行明确的分工，一名为记录员，一名为汇报员。最后统计出全班有多少人步行，有多少人骑自行车，坐公交去上学。
Step 10..Exercise
一. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 often (ride ) to school,but sometimes he (walk) to school.
mother always ( go ) to work by bus
3. Tom never ( take) the train to school .
I ( walk) to school .
( do ) your sister get to school ?
二. 将下列句子改为同义句 often go to school by bus . I often a bus school. rides to work on M ondays. Jane goes to work on Mondays .
Jane goes to work on Mondays.
gets to school on foot every day. He to school every day . 意图：巩固本节课所学的内容，纠正学生容易出现的错误：一般现在时动词第三人称单数的变化，以及动词短语take the +交通工具 可以替换成介词by +交通工具，注意他们在句中的位置不同。同时为下节课扫除障碍。
1. Recite the new words 2. make conversations
Blackboard design
Unit4 How do you get to school?
A:How do you get to school? take the bus/train/subway/ship/
B:I ride my bike. ride a bike
A:How does he get to school? Walk/on foot
B:He walks to school.
板书设计 (根据本课的重难点)
本课以素质教育为目的，结合教材重点、难点及英语学科特点，利用任务型教学，从听、说、读、写等方面使学生得到锻炼，在愉快、轻松的氛围中温故而知新，达到初步运用英语交际的能力。
希望各位专家领导对本堂说课提出宝贵意见,谢谢!
大家好！
今天我将要为大家讲的课题是： 没有细胞结构的微小生物病毒 .
一、指导思想
生物科学不仅是众多事实和理论，也是一个不断探究的过程。因此本节课的指导思想是：走进新课程，运用探究性学习，改变学生的学习方式，培养学生搜集和处理科学信息的能力、获取新知的能力、以及交流与合作的能力。
二、教材分析
1、本节内容在全书及章节的地位：《病毒》是人教版幼师教材全一册第二部分微生物中第三章。在此之前，学生已学习了前两章细菌、真菌等有关微生物的知识，这为过渡到本节的学习起着铺垫作用。本节内容与学生的生活及将来的幼教工作息息相关。因此，在教材中占据重要的地位。
2、教学重点
（1） 病毒的形态结构和生命活动的特点。
（2） 病毒与人类的关系。
3、教学难点
病毒的结构和繁殖。
三、学情分析
本 节的教学对象为学前二年级学生。通过第一部分的学习，学生已经掌握了生物体的基本结构，植物的形态、结构、生命活动等知识；已学会初步的观察、分析、比较 等研究生物学的方法。具备了独立学习本节部分内容的知识和能力基础。她们对本节课涉及的有关病毒与人类关系，在生活中已有一定的感性认识。但对病毒的形态 结构、生命活动的知识，难以理解。
四、教学目标设计
1、基础知识目标：
（1） 通过学习使学生知道病毒的形态结构特点。
（2） 通过学习让学生识记病毒的生命活动特点
（3） 通过学习使学生知道病毒对植物、动物和人体的危害以及病毒在生物防治上的作用。
（4） 通过学习让学生识记细菌病毒——噬菌体的有关知识。
2、能力训练目标：
（1） 通过学习使学生初步具有进一步获取课本以外的生物学信息的能力。
（2） 通过学习培养学生的分析问题，解决问题的能力，以及交流与合作的能力。
3、思想情感目标：
通过学习对学生进行辩证唯物主义思想教育。
五、教法设计
1、直观教学法
通过动画课件等直观教学手段，创设生物微观世界，激起学生的感性认识，获得生动的表象，使学生能比较全面地掌握知识，比较深刻地掌握和理解教学内容。
2、探究式教学
使学生初步学会生物科学探究的一般方法，发展学生提出问题、作出假设、制定计划、实施计划、得出结论、表达和交流的科学探究能力。
六、学法指导
我们常说：^v^现代的文盲不是不识字的人，()而是没有掌握学习方法的人^v^,因而在教学中要特别重视学法的指导。
一、教材分析
在本节中有一个“膝跳反射”的实验和“测定反应速度”的探究活动，通过膝跳反射可引出反射的定义和反射弧的组成。“测定反应速度”的探究活动，不需要任何复杂的实验仪器和设备，只是需要二至三人一组，相互配合来完成，从而加深学生对基础知识的理解，充满情趣。培养学生的多种能力，培养学生乐于探索生命的奥秘，培养实事求是的态度，进行情感态度，价值观的教育。
二、教学目标
(一)知识性目标
本节课的内容都是以生活事例来引出相关知识的。而且这些事例都是生活中常见的，学生们容易理解。本节课以课标为依据减少了一些名词术语。例举了“望梅止渴”的例子，来加深学生对知识的理解。利用这些事例来激发学生的学习兴趣，由浅入深的将知识由感性上升到理性认识，符合认知规律。我旨在通过学习让学生掌握以下几个方面：
1、描述出人体神经调节的基本方式。
2、能够举例说出简单的反射和复杂的反射。
3、简单说出反射弧的构成。
(二)技能性目标：本节课推出了一个实验和一个探究活动，这更加丰富了课堂内容。通过活动，学生不仅能够巩固所学的基础知识，还能加强多种能力的培养。寓教于乐，让学生在动手操作，动脑思考中来理解知识，更体现了素质教育。因此，确定能力目标如下：
1、模仿教师的演示，学习膝跳反射实验的方法。
2、体验科学探究活动。
3、通过小组学习，来逐步培养学生团结协作，归纳整理及表达交流的能力。
(三)情感、态度、价值观
由于我校教学条件有限，通过学习、做实验和参与探究活动，在情感、态度、价值观方面确定以下几点：
1、培养学生实事求是的科学态度。
2、激发学生乐于探索生命奥秘的兴趣。
教学重点：描述出人体神经调节的基本方式。
教学难点：识别简单的反射和复杂的反射。
教材教法：教师采用学导式教学方法，学生进行自主性的探究学习。
三、教学预设
结合实际情况，根据教材内容的容量和参考书的要求，我将本课课时预定为2课时。现将第一课时的教学过程和活动预设如下：
(一)创设情境，激发学习兴趣
兴趣是最好的老师，让学生参与到教学活动中，亲身经历，亲身感受，紧扣人与环境相互关系的主题。
以小实验活动进入新课。
在讲解新课之前让学生配合教师完成一个小实验：一名学生被蒙住眼睛，教师用一个牙签刺其手指，其他学生观察该学生做出的反应。只是该名学生感受到了，为了让其他学生也亲身经历、亲自去感受，我又让学生之间相互配合去完成一个小活动——打手板：甲学生去打乙学生的手掌，乙学生迅速躲避。每位学生进行十次，看看谁被打到的次数是最少的。
学生做完小活动之后，给学生设立一个问题：这两个活动是在人体什么系统的调节下完成的呢?学生回答后，教师又继续设疑：该系统是通过什么方式来调节的呢?这节课我们就来探究这方面的问题。利用计算机展示出本课的课题“神经调节的基本方式——反射”，很自然的引出新课。
由亲身感受实验和对事例的分析，总结出反射的概念。 师说“面对课题学生可能会产生疑问：反射!什么是反射呀?先不急于知道，我们再来做一个小实验。该实验是医学上常用来了解人体神经系统对外界刺激发生反应的情况的，这就是——膝跳反射”教师用计算机展示出“膝跳反射”的实验要求、步骤及注意事项，并请一位学生配合教师进行演示。由两名学生组合成一个小组去进行该实验。实验后请学生分别来谈谈感受，并继续又举出排尿反射和课上的缩手反射，请学生们以前后两人为一个讨论小组进行分析：这几个活动都称之为“反射”，那么反射是由人体的哪个系统在什么条件下产生的具有什么特点的反应活动呢?在教师的引导下学生尝试着自己来总结、归纳出反射的定义，最后由教师用计算机展示出反射的定义，这样使得学生对所获得的知识印象深刻。
(二)融会贯通，用所学知识解释一些日常生活事例，突破重难点。
本着《课程标准》中的倡导探究性学习，力图改变学生的学习方式的理念，让学生能够通过自学或合作学习总结归纳出相应的知识点，并且能够学以致用。如果学到了一些知识，而不能将它运用到生产生活中去解决实际问题，我想这应该是教育的一个遗憾。通过学习可以逐步培养学生团结协作、整理归纳的能力。
运用反射的概念来解释一些人的活动，从而说出反射是人体神经调节的基本方式，从而解决教学重点。
“既然我们现在知道了反射的定义，那么谁还能举出其它反射的例子呢?并说明为什么这些事例是属于反射活动?”学生讨论并回答。这样不但是学以致用，而且还逐步培养了学生的分析能力。
分析事例，找出本质上的区别，识别出哪些是简单的反射，哪些是复杂的反射，从而解决教学难点。
“对方才大家所举出的例子，我们来分析以下，看哪些是人类生来就会的、比较简单的反射活动呢?哪些又是人类经过长期的生活经验积累起来形成的比较复杂的反射呢?”教师和学生一同进行分析，促使学生又能举出其它反射的例子。
(三)学科整合、寓教于乐，增加学生对所学知识的理解。
扩大学生的知识面，体现学科整合的教育机制，使活跃的课堂气氛活跃起来，将感性认识上升到理性认识，加深对知识的理解
“我们在前面所举出的例子都是人类的一些反射的例子，那么动物是否也具有反射活动呢?请举例说明!”学生举例后，教师设问“人和动物都具有反射活动，哪些反射活动是人类所特有的呢?”进而引出“与语言文字相关的反射”是人类所特有的这一知识点，对于该知识点除了教材中的“望梅止渴”的成语典故，教师又用计算机展示出“画饼充饥”和“杯弓蛇影”成语典故的例子，让学生来进行翻译和分析。又加进了“听口令，做相反动作”的小游戏。
(四)以问题的形式，为下一课留下伏笔，设置铺垫。
“方才我们在做听口令的游戏的时候，，有的同学做的快一些，有的同学慢一些，有的做得正确，有的做得有些失误，你们是怎样看待这种现象呢?”学生发表各自的看法后，教师“有的同学说到反应速度的问题了，那么我们就来做一个测定反应速度的探究活动。大家在课下阅读104页的探究活动方案，复习一下探究活动的一般过程是什么?你能否将书中的提出问题和做出假设这一部分填完整，形成一个完整的探究实验计划呢?如果有的同学认为你的小组还有其它较好可行的方法也能“测定反应速度”的快慢，请你写出你的探究计划，在下一节课我们进行交流后并去实施。”
(五)表达交流，畅谈心得
“在本节课中我们做了许多活动，通过学习你们有什么收获和体会呢?”学生发表各自的看法。
一、说教材
本课是人教版初中生物八年级上册第五单元第一章第六节的内容。在此之前学生已经掌握了动物的结构与功能是相适应的。本节将继续探究鸟是如何与飞行生活相适应的，主要是通过对鸟的形态结构、生理、行为等的观察与探究，概括出鸟类适于飞行的特点。通过了解鸟与人类的关系，增进学生保护生物多样性的情感。
二、说学情
鸟类在日常的生活中经常容易看到。学生对鸟的相关经验比较丰富，但归纳总结还不够。八年级的学生有了一定的观察分析和探究的能力，但能力尚且不足，不能独立完成，需要老师的指导和帮助。因此，对于本节的两个活动，教师需要充分调动学生的主观能动性，参与到观察、探究来。
三、说教学目标
1、概述鸟的主要特征。
2、通过“观察与思考”活动，确立鸟的身体结构与功能相统一、鸟与环境相适应的观点。
3、关注鸟在生物圈中的作用，形成爱鸟护鸟的情感。
四、说教学重难点
课标要求能够概述脊椎动物的主要特征，在《鸟》的这一节中，此处就是在完成此要求。同样也是学生应该掌握的重要概念。通过掌握鸟的特征，可以为生物进行正确分类。所以设置为教学重点，了解鸟的多样性本身不是难点，难点在于学生要从“观察与思考”活动中得出鸟的身体构造是与其生活方式和生活环境相适应的。建立认识的过程是非常困难的，所以，此处为难点。
五、说教法学法
一、教材分析
(一)教材的地位及作用
1、新目标英语教材概述
《新目标英语》教材的语言教育理念是：知识用于行动强调“语言应用”，培养“创新、实践能力”，发展“学习策略”。它采用任务型语言教学(task-based language teaching)模式。教材中每单元都设计一个或几个与该单元话题有关的任务，让学生在完成任务的过程中，使用英语获取信息，用英语进行交流，培养运用英语解决实际问题的能力。《新目标英语》有以下几个特色:
(1)图文并茂。翻开课本，你都能够在每一页上看到一幅副充满情趣，幽默生动的画面，令你眼睛一亮。
(2)实用性强。每个单元的选材都来源于学生的学习和生活，与学生的年龄特征、认知结构、生活经验密切联系。
(3)注重交际。针对中国学生学英语普遍存在的“聋哑病”，教材设计了大量的听说读写材料。
(4)词汇量大。第一册有词汇700个左右，第二册约450个，第三册约450个，第四册约400个，第五册约500个，合计2500个。这一点正好达到《英语课程标准》5级的要求。
2、单元分析及教材处理
本课是新目标英语八年级上册第8单元，教材以how was your school trip ?为中心话题，围绕着描述“过去发生的事情”展开，学习和运用一般过去时态的一般疑问句did you go/see /buy…? were there any…?询问过去的事件，让学生学会谈论和分享过去发生的事件。本课教学内容与学生的实际生活密切相关，易于引发学生运用简单的英语进行交际和交流。在学习活动中，学生通过交换对过去发生的事情的描述及看法，促进学生之间和师生之间的情感交流，增进情谊。section a的主要学习内容是：复习一般过去时态和动词的规则与不规则变化，学习一般过去时态的两种一般疑问句: did you…? were there any …?教材安排了许多听，说，读，写的任务活动，我将灵活运用这些活动，将其中的一些活动进行变化或整合，如：1c,2c和3c的pairwork活动内容相似，我将把2c和3c整合成一个interview(采访)的任务活动。
(二)教学目标
根据《英语课程标准》关于总目标的具体描述，结合第八单元的教材内容，我按语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度、文化意识五个方面将本单元的教学目标细化：
1、知识目标：单词：学习掌握词汇aquarium, science center, gift shop, seal, shark, octopus, autograph, won,ate,等。
功能：描述过去发生的事情
语言结构：规则动词和不规则动词的一般过去式
一般过去时的一般疑问句
句型：did you go to the zoo? yes, i did. no, i didn’t. i went to the aquarium.
were there any seals? yes, there were. no, there weren’t any sharks.
i saw some sharps/ i went to the aquarium.
2、语言技能：听：能识别不同句式的语调，并能根据语调变化，判断句子意义的变化;能听懂本课学习活动中的问题，做出较得体的回答。
说：能在本课的任务型活动如：游戏、调查、故事接龙等中进行简单有交流。
读：能正确朗读本单元对话和句型;能查阅工具书为完成任务做准备。
写：能写出本节课学习的单词和句型，能运用简单的句子写出过去的活动和感受。
3、学习策略：抓住用英语交际的机会，在交际中把注意力集中在意思的表达上，必要时借助手势和表情。主动参与学习活动，善于和他人合作。
4、情感目标：通过描述过去所做的事，表达自己的看法，使学生在人际交往中学会尊重和理解别人，学会交换不同的看法，了解他人的喜好，增进情谊。
5、文化意识：用恰当的方式表达赞扬或自己的观点;了解英、美国家中小学生的业余生活，培养世界意识。
(三)教学重点及难点
1.复习词汇museum, beach, zoo, dolphin, pizza, ice cream, friend, movie, went, saw, were, played, read, visited, cleaned等句型:how was your weekend? it was great. where did you go on your vacation? i went to the beach.
2.学习词汇aquarium, science center, gift shop, seal, shark, octopus, autograph, win
3.学习句型did you go to the zoo? yes, i did. no, i didn’twere there any seals? yes, there were. no, there weren’ti saw some sharps/ i went to the else did you do?
①一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词。
②一般过去时的肯定句和否定句。
③did you, were there引导的一般疑问句。
二、学情分析
1.初中学生的抽象思维能力较低，形象思维能力强，但注意力容易分散。本课拟以故事、小品、漫画或动画等形式展示，并配以丰富的色彩，从而增强学生的兴趣和注意力。根据教育心理学,如果学生对于一件事物有极大的兴趣,他们就会排除主观和客观的种.种消极因素,尽量全身心地投入到知识的学习中去。
2.初中生的学习心理特点：(1)兴趣：对英语普遍感兴趣，但有很大的不稳定性，好奇心强，求知欲旺盛，已不满足教师对课文的'简单重复。(2)记忆：对刺激记忆手段多的知识记忆深刻，遵从记忆规律。(3)思维：偏重于形象思维，对片面,零碎的材料尚缺乏一定的概括分析能力。(4)评价：主要通过他人评价初步形成对自己的评价，所以很在乎他人的评价;自我认识较模糊、片面，但自我意识却不断增强。因此，在本课教学过程中，在注重启发引导，培养学生分析、概括能力的同时，更要注重教学方法的灵活性，通过任务型教学法，情景交际法，全身反应教学法等，激发学生学习的兴趣，让学生乐于接受，易于接受。
3.初二上期的学生经过一年多的学习，有了一定的英语基础知识和听说能力，正逐渐向读、写过渡，同时，学生们对英语学习还保持着较浓厚的兴趣。经过一年的新课程理念的熏陶及实践，有了初步的自主、合作、探究、实验的能力。
4.本单元学情剖析：本单元的主题是谈论过去的事情，可以采用活动教学法和role playing的学习策略，学习新词汇，掌握重点句型，同时能比较好地运用到实践中，解决类似问题。做到既能巩固所学知识，又能提高解决问题的能力以及综合运用语言能力。
三、教法渗透
1、教学设计思路与教材处理：
《新目标英语》中的具体语言目标是通过各种各样的tasks来实现的;学生需要运用具体而特定的行动来完成一定的交际任务。整个教学过程中，各种语言结构与语言功能与不同的学习任务有机的结合。任务活动所谋求的效果不是一种机械的语言训练，而是侧重在执行任务中学生自我完成任务的能力和策略的培养;重视形式在完成任务过程中的参与和在交流活动中所获得的经验。因此本节课我将始终引导学生通过完成具体的任务活动来学习语言，让学生为了特定的学习目的去实施特定的语言行动，通过完成特定的交际任务来获得和积累相应的学习经验，让学生在用中学，在学中用(learning by using, learning for using)。
2、教学原则
活动性原则提倡学生主动参与，体验，交流，合作，探究等多种学习。
合作性原则以学生为主体，师生合作，生生合作，体现教与学的互动，交往。
任务型原则任务驱动—激发动机;任务完成—激励学习积极性;执行任务—培养责任心和合作精神。
情感性原则激发学生学习英语的兴趣和始终保持良好的学习情绪。
3、教法运用：
本课主要运用“任务型教学法”，并辅助于tpr全身反应教学法、情景交际教学法和猜谜活动。
①任务型语言教学法
任务型的教学活动，是让学习者通过运用语言来完成各种各样的交际活动。学习者通过表达、沟通、交涉、解释、询问等各种语言活动形式来学习和掌握语言。它应具备以下特点：(1)以任务为中心，而不是以操练语言形式为目的。(2)任务的设计焦点应该是解决某一具体的贴近学生生活的交际问题。在任务型语言教学中，教师要从学生“学”的角度来设计教学活动，使学生的学习活动具有明确的目标，并构成一个有梯度的连续活动。在教师精心设计的各种“任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识或得出结论，从注重语言本身转变为注重语言习得。从而获得语言运用的能力而不是仅仅掌握现成的语言知识点。随着“任务”的不断深化，整个语言学习的过程会越来越自动化和自主化。
在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
②全身反应教学法
全身反应教学法(total physical response，缩写为tpr)是加州心理学家james j. asher(詹姆士j.艾谢，1988)提出来的，注重语言学习中的互动模式，认为学生在一个较放松的环境中学习效果。紧张、焦虑的情绪对学习英语不利。在课堂教学的具体实践中，让学生根据教师发出的指令做动作，或模仿声音。孩子不必用语言做出反应，以听力训练为主，待听力和理解能力得到提高后，方进入说话训练，是自然而然的学会语言的方法。
③情景交际法
课堂教学以情景交际教学法为主，尽量给学生以足够的听、说、读的机会，联系课文实际，创设情景，引入讨论主题，在交际中学英语。情景的设计注意衔接的自然性，主题的设计强调知识的渐进性和讨论的可行性，并注意情感体验和概括、推理思维的培养。
4、教学手段
多媒体辅助：用flash软件将本课所需要的动画、录音、图片、文字、图表和音乐制成cai软件，使抽象的语言变得直观，为学生运用英语进行交际创设情景，实现师生互动，生生互动和人机互动的多向交流。
非测试性评价：传统的评价观念的出发点是学科本位，只重学科，不重学生发展。要体现新课程标准的实施效果，评价体系应该“正确反映外语学习的本质和过程，满足学生发展的需要”。为了达到这一目标，唯有重视形成性评价，充分发挥其积极作用，促进新的评价体系的形成。因此，本课我将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段，帮助学生学会自主学习，学会与人合作，培养创新意识以及具备科学的价值观。
四、学法指导
新制定的《英语课程标准》把“培养学生学习英语的兴趣，树立自信心，培养良好学习习惯和形成有效策略，发展自主学习和合作精神”放在了首位。依据课改的精神，我从以下几个方面对学生进行学法指导。
1、学习方法的指导
培养学生观察力，想象力，记忆力以及思维能力。用生动的课件调动学生的感官进行听说读写的训练。
2、学习积极性的调动
我在教学过程中创造一种开放的，和谐的，积极互动的语言氛围，把课堂变成有声有色的舞台，让学生在乐中学。
3、学习能力的培养
通过连贯的听说读写，游戏，竞赛等，培养学生的交际能力，发展他们的思维能力。
4、学习策略的指导
本节课将在课堂活动中把学生分成四人小组的学习小组，让他们围绕着课堂任务分工合作，在活动中相互探讨、相互交流、相互合作，从而获得知识、技能和情感体验，发展他们的能力。创建开放式，探究式的课堂，有意识渗透学习策略的训练。我让学生观察课件画面，回答问题，让学生学会使用认知策略;让学生表演对话，实现交际策略;引导学生交际，主动练习和实践，是调控策略的体现。充分利用多媒体，录音，卡片等是资源策略。
一、说教学内容分析：
本节内容包括：植物系统进化树，藻类植物、苔藓植物、蕨类植物和种子植物的形态、结构特征、生活方式以及他们对生物圈中的作用和与人类的关系。通过^v^植物系统进化树^v^,^v^观察比较不同的植物^v^的活动，引导学生初识不同的植物类群。
二、说教学目标：
1、知识与能力：
初步认识植物系统进化树，了解不同植物类型之间的亲缘关系，通过^v^观察比较不同的植物^v^的活动，以及对植物类群的各种学习活动，认识不同的植物类群的形态、结构特征、生活方式，与人类的关系，并通过对不同植物类群的比较，进一步理解植物进化树。
通过^v^观察比较不同的植物^v^的活动，提高观察能力、比较分析能力；通过对不同植物类群的学习，增强分析问题及语言表达的能力。
2、过程与方法
实验观察、比较、讨论和讲述藻类、苔藓、蕨类和种子植物。
3、情感、态度与价值观
体会植物种类的多样性，强化生物进化的观点，增强生物科学价值观，培养学生关注和保护生物圈中多种多样的绿色植物情感。
三、说学习者特征分析：
本校地处偏远农村，该校生都是来自大山的孩子，对常见的植物即陌生又熟悉，说熟悉是他们在日常生活中与常见的植物有密切接触，有深刻的感性认识；说陌生是因为他们缺乏相应的理论知识，学生学习兴趣高，通过实践和理论相结合帮助他们认识植物系统进化树和掌握藻类植物、苔藓植物、蕨类植物的特征及与人类生活的关系。从学生的认知规律来看，八年级学生已开始从具体思维向抽象思维的过渡，喜欢接受新鲜事物，有一定的生物学经验基础。
四、说教学策略选择与设计：
根据以上分析，我设计为2课时，此节为第一课时，本节课应从学生的主体性出发，创造充分机会让学生拥有成功的喜悦，在和谐的氛围中完成教学任务，让学生主动学习，学有所获，从内心深处产生保护环境，人与自然和谐发展的欲望。对此我做了大量的课前准备工作，提前一周通知学生利用周末采集样本，同时，还利用学生中午休息时间，带领大队长一个班12人上后山采集样本，回到学校后，由大队长随意分配样本到各位小组中。这样，学生课前对学习的内容就有了充分的心理准备。课中：
一、通过以上创设的情景，引入新课
二、通过^v^观察比较不同的植物^v^的活动，以及对植物类群的各种学习活动，认识不同的植物类群的形态、结构特征、生活方式，与人类的关系，进一步理解植物进化树
三、通过对不同植物类群的比较，认识藻类植物、苔藓植物、蕨类植物的特征及与人类生活的关系。
五、说教学准备：
1、准备植物系统进化树图片，学生采集藻类、苔藓、蕨类和种子植物的实物、标本、挂图。
2、实物材料及用具：学生采集新鲜的水绵，葫芦藓、墙藓、铁钱蕨、海金沙、石斛，芒萁、带球果的杉枝、带花及果实的白菜植株等大量植物实物、放大镜、镊子。
六、说教学过程：
（一）、创设情景，引入新课
通过学生采集活动和生活中对植物的感性认识，结合农村孩子的生活实际，贴近生活，让学生感受到好奇，直揭新课，有利于激发学生学习兴趣和进一步学习的欲望。
（二）、植物系统进化树和活动：观察比较不同的植物
运用课本植物系统进化树的认识，帮助学生对植物的分类有了初步的了解，接着进行观察比较不同植物的活动，引导学生自主学习、合作学习，帮助学生分析问题，解决问题，强化生物进化的观点，增强生物科学价值观，培养学生关注和保护生物圈中多种多样的绿色植物情感。
（三）、藻类植物、苔藓植物、蕨类植物
采用提问式、启发引导式教学方法，逐一分析藻类植物的
1、结构：藻类植物是多种多样的，有单细胞的，有多细胞的；有生活在淡水中的，有生活在海洋中的，还有少数种类生活在陆地上的。
2、特征：大多数生活在水中，没有根茎叶的分化，都能进行光合作用
3、分类：据藻类植物呈现的颜色的不同可以将藻类植物分为绿藻、褐藻和红藻等。
4、对生物圈中的作用和与人类的关系：为水生生物提供食物和氧气。与人类的关系是有些可食用，可药用，如海带、紫菜等可食用，褐藻胶、琼脂、碘酒在医药上有广泛的用途。
利用对比学习方法，引导学生学习苔藓植物和蕨类植物结构、特征、分类。培养学生学习方法的能力帮助学生分析藻类植物、苔藓植物、蕨类植物的特征及在生物圈中的作用和与人类的关系。
（四）、本课总结
及时反馈与总结，有利于学生学习知识的掌握
（五）、作业设计
七、说教学评价设计：
本节课内容的教学效果可以从课堂回答、反馈练习、巩固练习和课后作业四个方面进行评价。课堂回答通过不断设置问题，引导学生分析和解决问题，培养学生获取知识的能力；课中练习巩固反馈是一般的知识性练习题，目的是检验学生当堂课对知识的掌握情况，在此基础上，理论联系实际，注重知识的深化和应用。
八、说总结与反思：
在教学活动中，教师不是直接把知识教给学生，而是着眼于知识获取的过程、学习方法和能力的培养，使学生自己观察、思考、分析和总结，亲身经历知识的获取过程，从中学到知识和方法，发展多种能力。教师要多联系生产实际，让学生边联想、边思考，从中发现新知识，并提高学生对新知识的运用能力。通过本节课的学习，有利于激发学生学习科学的兴趣，有利于培养学生良好的科学素质。
一、说教材
《物质的运输路线》是河北少儿出版七年级下册第二章《爱护心脏 确保运输》的第三节，血液循环的途径这部分知识是教学的重点。它既是对前面所学的血液，血管、心脏等知识的深化，又是后面学习呼吸、排泄等章节的前提和关键。这部分内容是《生物课程标准》中内容标准《第五部分----生物圈中的人》的知识，人体吸收的营养物质需要经过循环系统运送到身体的各种组织、器官，人体所产产生的废物也通过循环系统、呼吸系统和泌尿系统等的协调活动排出体外，因此本章内容起到了联系各部分知识的作用，而第三节又是本章的重点内容。
二、教学目标的确立：
《课程目标中》指出：获得有关人体结构、功能及卫生保健的知识，促进生理和心理的健康发展。所以我把以下四个知识点作为本节课的知识目标:
1.分析血液循环的途径;说明体循环和肺循环的关系。
2.概述血液循环的组成和路线。
3.描述动脉血、静脉血的概念和血液循环的意义。
4.说出血液、组织液、淋巴之间的关系及血液循环和淋巴循环的关系。
能力目标指出，初步学会科学探究的一般方法，发展学生表达交流的科
学探究能力，发展合作能力。因此我把以下三点作为这节课的能力目标：
1.提高表达和相互交流的能力。
2.培养学生科学探究的合作能力，实践能力。
3.培养学生观察能力和综合分析能力。
在学习过程中为了能始终贯穿情感态度教育，确立本课的情感目标：
1.培养学生学习生物科学的兴趣，体验探究知识的乐趣。
2.鼓励学生通过分析找出答案，激发学生学习的兴趣。
三、重点、难点的确立：
根据本节课所确立的知识目标，结合学生的实际水平、能力，把血液循环的路线和循环的意义以及动脉血和静脉血的概念确立为本课的重点。使学生能深刻正确的认识血液循环及其意义。
好学教育：
血液循环的知识比较抽象，理解血液循环的整体过程和体循环及肺循环环的关系有一定的困难，因此把二者作为本节的难点，希望能使学生理解体循环和肺循环是独立进行的，汇合于心脏，组成完整的循环途径。
四、说教法、学法
根据本节的三个层面的教学目标和确立的重点、难点，分别采用了不同的教法、学法，如多媒体教学法能直观的把一些抽象问题形象化、生动化，易于理解;讨论法有利于学生发表自己的见解，促进学生以及师生之间的交流，启发式教学法可以发挥学生的探究的潜能，自主地进行学习。在教学中综合运用这些教学方法可以实现学生在学习过程中的主体地位，激发学生的兴趣。
五、说教学准备：
1.老师的准备：制作的课件，把血液循环以动画的方式呈现出来，帮助学生理解，增强形象生动性。给每位学生复印一张探究活动报告单，供学生上课自己画出血液循环的途径。
2.学生的准备：复习心脏的结构，和心脏相连的血管的名称及血液流动的方向。为循环途径的学习打下知识基础，便于理解血液流动的方向。
六、说教学设计：
(一)复习：
(启动课件，出示心脏的结构图)
心脏的四腔中血液流动的方向，及和每个腔连通的血管分别是什么? 通过复习这一内容有利于学生顺利的完成血液循环途径的学习。
(二)引入：
通过身边事引入课题，激发学生的兴趣和好奇心。
(三)教学活动设计：
1. 提出问题(展示血液循环模式图课件flash动画)：
假设有个红细胞，随着血流在人体内周游，如果以左心室为出发点，那么它旅行的路线是怎样的?如果让你对它的旅程进行划分，你认为可以分为几个阶段?以小组为单位，结合多媒体课件内容，在学生活动报告单中标注血液循环的途径。
设计这一活动，可以使同学积极去探究血液循环的途径，通过已有知识，在小组同学的努力下共同完成血液循环途径的认识，增强学生的合作意识，为进一步突破血液循环途径这一难点问题打下基础。通过学生上台发布结论，提高学生的语言表达能力，给学生展示自己的机会，充分体现学生的主体地位。 学生发布完结论，要给学生一种积极的评价，肯定他们的成果，同时指出存在的问题。
2.结合学生的结论，进一步巩固血液循环途径，结合课件，强化循环途径的学习。
好学教育：
师：为了便于我们研究，我们把血液循环的途径分为：体循环和肺循环。
一、说教材
(一)、教材的地位和作用
本单元以How do you get to school?为中心话题，围绕交通方式而展开，主要运用How long/How far 询问“去某地的交通方式、时间、距离。”简单描述路线。这一话题贴近学生们的日常生活，它继第三单元谈论“假日计划”后安排这样一个话题，符合学生的认知结构和年龄特征，它将为后几个单元的学习打下坚定的语言基础。而SeetionA第一课时重点则采访同学们上学的交通方式，及花费的时间、距离等等。
(二)、教学目标(语言知识 能力目标 情感目标)
语言知识：
1、语言目标，掌握语汇subway 、train、 bus、 car、bus stop等。
语言功能：学会谈论并描述交通方式
语言结构：学习掌握How引导的特殊疑问句：
How do you get to school?
How long does he get to school?
How long does it take?要求学生掌握好助动语do在不同人称，特别是第三人称单数后的变化。
2、语言技能
1、能根据录音判断交通的方式，花费的时间及距离。
2、能询问他人到达某地的交通方式并转述。
能力目标：
1、培养学生听、说、读、写的能力。
2、训练学生小组合作的能力。
3、让学生通过有用的目标语言学会与他人交流的能力。
情感目标：
鼓励学生学会关心别人，帮助别人。
(三)、教学重点和难点
重点：帮助学生学会使用How do you get to school?
I take the train to school.
How does he get to school?
He takes the bus to school.进行交际
难点:区别take 的用法。
二、说教学方法
(一)、学情分析
1、初二学生经过小学和初中的学习，已经有了一定的英语基础知识和听说能力，正逐渐向读写过渡，同时，学生们对英语学习还保持着较浓厚的兴趣。在加上受新课程理念的熏陶及实践，能巩固所学知识，又能提高解决问题的能力以及综合运用语言的能力。
2、从年龄特征看，学生们也很在乎他人的评价。在学习过程中通过“兵教兵”小组训练，鼓励性评价等措施，提高学生综合语言技能。
(二)、学习策略
教学生要善于抓住英语交际的机会，主动参与学生活动，形成自主学习的能力。
(三)、教学手段
用幻灯片将本课所需要的录音、图片、文字、制成多媒体课件，使抽象的语言变得直观，为学生运用英语进行交际创设情景，实现师生互动，生生互动和人机互动的多向交流。
(四)、教学原则：
1、任务型原则，在整个教学过程中，各种语言结构、语言功能与不同的学习任务有机的结合。因此本节课我将始终引导学生通过完成具体的任务活动来学习语言，让学生为了特定的学习目的去实施特定的语言行动，通过完成特定的交际任务来获得和积累相应的学习经验，让学生在用中学，在学中用
2、合作性原则，以学生为主体，师生合作，生生合作，体现教与学的互动交往。
3、情感性原则，激发学生学习英语的兴趣和始终保持良好的学习情绪。
(五)、学法指导
1、学习方法的指导，用生动的课件调动学生进行听、说、读、写、训练。
2、学习积极性的调动。
我在教学过程中创造一种开放的、和谐的积极互动的语言氛围，把课堂变为有声有色的舞台，让学生在乐中学。
3、学习能力的培养。
通过连贯的听、说、读、写，培养学生的交际能力，发挥他们的思维能力。
三、说教学过程
在整个教学活动中，我通过设计不同的四个任务，让学生在小组中交流、合作、竞争，每个任务都存在着一定的“信息差”，易于激发学生的表达欲望和急于知道最终结果的心情，在活动中他们一定会努力表现自己，做到。四个任务所侧重的训练学生的语言能力的要求也各有不同，他们分别侧重训练学生的听、说、读、写的能力。把任务活动放在小组中进行，还可以解决“大班”难于操练的难题，学生在小组中有更多的时间来运用英语表达自己的思想。
(一)、在复习环节中，通过问学生 What are you doing this Sunday? What is he doing tomorrow? What are you doing for vocation?来了解学生对上一单元知识的掌握情况。
(二)、在导入新课中：先通过让同学们看图片，回答下面的问题，What is the boy doing?Does he often ride a bike to school? How do you get to school?引入目标语言，并帮助他们回答：I take the subway to school. I take the train to school等。
在列举许多交通方式后，让同学们完成 1a。然后检测学生们的答案。
(三)、在听力练习上。教学设计共插入了三个听力训练。
1、让学生结合图片，分辩交通工具。并与图中的人物结合起来。
2、能听辩数字。
3、通过让学生们听，然后说出五种交通工具并把这种交通工具和它花费的时间相匹配。
(四)、在小组练习中，我让学生四人一组进行这样对话练习
A：How do you get to school?
B: I take the subway to school.
C:: How does B get to school?
D: He takes the subway to school?
A: How long does it take?
B: It takes about 25 minutes
重点巩固第三人称单数这种情况。鼓励学生们用不同的词替换来反复操练这个句型.突破教学重点。
(五)、小结：最后总结take的用法，消化教学难点。
(六)、家庭作业：仿写四个句型，并使用不同的交通工具。
(七)、板书设计：
Unit 4 How do you get to school? forty
take the train How do you get to school fifty
take the subway I ride my bike. sixty
walk How does he get to school? seventy
ride the bike he walks to school eighty
Take the bas How long does it take? ninety
It takes a bout farty minutes.
【主题一】My Favorite Hobby
I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading, playing sports, and listening to music. But my favorite hobby is drawing. I began drawing when I was just a little kid, and I fell in love with it right away. I enjoy creating different images and bringing my imagination to life.
When I draw, I feel relaxed and happy. It's like I enter into a different world where there are no rules or boundaries, and I can let my mind go wild. I usually draw in my free time, and every time I finish a drawing, I feel a sense of accomplishment.
Drawing helps me express my feelings and emotions in a positive way. Sometimes, I feel sad or anxious, and I don't know how to deal with it. But when I draw, I can let everything out, and it makes me feel better. Drawing also helps me improve my concentration and focus, which is essential for my studies.
In the future, I want to become a professional artist. I believe that the more I draw, the better I will become, and I will be able to make a living from my art. Even if I don't become famous, I will still be happy as long as I can continue to draw and express myself.
【主题二】My Dream Job
My dream job is to become a doctor. Ever since I was a little kid, I wanted to help people and make a difference in their lives. Being a doctor would allow me to do just that. I believe that being a doctor is one of the most honorable professions in the world.
I am currently studying hard to achieve my dream. I am taking science and math courses to prepare me for medical school. I know that the road to becoming a doctor is challenging, but I am willing to put in the work and effort to achieve my goals.
Being a doctor would allow me to help people in many different ways. I could diagnose and treat illnesses, save lives in emergency situations, and even prevent diseases through public education and awareness campaigns.
I know that being a doctor requires a lot of knowledge, skill, and dedication, but I believe that I have what it takes to become a successful doctor. I am passionate about helping others, and I think that this is the most important quality for a doctor to have.
In the future, I hope to work in a hospital or clinic where I can help people who are sick or injured. I believe that being a doctor is not just a job, but a calling. I am excited about my future career and look forward to making a difference in the world.
【主题三】My Travel Experience
I have always enjoyed traveling and exploring new places. One of my most memorable travel experiences was when I went to Japan with my family.
Japan is a beautiful country with a rich history and culture. We visited many famous landmarks, such as the Tokyo Tower, Mount Fuji, and the Imperial Palace. We also tried many delicious Japanese foods, such as sushi and ramen.
One of the highlights of our trip was when we visited Kyoto. Kyoto is a city that is known for its traditional architecture and beautiful temples. We visited the Kiyomizu-dera temple, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The temple was built in the 17th century and is famous for its wooden stage that overlooks the city.
Another memorable experience was when we went to Hiroshima. Hiroshima is a city that is famous for being the site of the atomic bombing during World War II. We visited the Peace Memorial Park and Museum, which was both moving and educational.
Traveling to Japan was an amazing experience that allowed me to learn about a different culture and way of life. I realized that there is so much in the world to explore and discover. I hope to have many more travel experiences in the future and continue to learn and grow as a person.
冀教版英语五年级下册第一课教案
Step1、Warming-up
1、Greetingwith students.
T：Good morning! Boys and girls, welcome to our class. Now Let’s begin our English class.
S:Good morning teacher!
设计意图：师生口语对话，拉近教师与学生的距离，营造宽松和谐的课堂氛围。
2、Play a Game “See and say”教师出示动作图片read、watch、draw、run sing、jump、dance、walk.让学生迅速说出单词，比比谁最快。
T: I will show you some words, I can see who is the best one.Let's begin . S:根据老师的'提示，迅速说出动词。
设计意图：运用“头脑风暴法”活化英语课堂，培养学生形成英语发散性思维和创造性思维的能力。此环节主要是练习不同的动词，为之后的英语对话练习做好铺垫。此外，抢答、竞猜的方式可以使课堂充满和谐愉悦的气氛。
Step2、In-depth situation, study new knowledge
1、创设本课情景，李明和妈妈，以及丹尼、珍妮要去旅行，给出一幅图他们
四人出发的情景，并询问学生What day is today? Where do they want to go? Where do they arrive at?学生根据图片进行猜测并回答.
老师播放文本第一段话，揭示答案。It's Mondy today. They want to go to Beijing.They arrive at the train station.教师继续提问：How do they feel? S：They are happy....同时引出excited讲授新词并领读。
设计意图：利用学生熟知的人物及所学旧知，以旧引新，为新授做铺垫。
2、Listen and answer
T:Now they are at the train station What does Danny want to do?
带领学生听课文1-5幅图学生回答并新授单词：jump, sing, dance
讲解句型：He wants to…..注意want to后面加动词原形，引导学生可以用want to说句子，练习短语。
3、老师给出学生三个情景What do you want to do in/at (school park home)?让学生进行对话练习。学生任意选择一个场景进行对话练习。
S1:What do you want to do in the park?
S2:I want to.....
设计意图：将学生引入生活情境中，应用对话激活文本，激发学生的学习和运用语言的欲望。
Step3.In-depth situation, study the text.
1、通过丹尼在火车站想要做的事情，询问学生Is Danny right？What does Mrs. Li say?
读课文1-5幅图并回答问题。
S:Please don’t jump! Please don’t sing! Please don’t dance!让学生根据回答发现三个句子的共同之处，总结祈使句的结构及用法。Please don't......请不要干什么。
老师继续提问在火车站丹尼应该怎么做呢？让学生用Please...来回答。
设计意图：让学生在对文本、知识点已经基本掌握的基础上，进行语言的组织与输出，实现知识到能力的转化过程。
2、为学生出示课文内容6-7幅图，让学生发挥想象，自己用所学句型描述一下图中内容，老师讲解sit down ,stand up两个动词短语，以及I’m sitting down.简单了解现在进行时态，为第二课做铺垫。
Step4.Study and understand the text.
老师播放课文音频，让学生跟读课文。
设计意图：跟读环节让学生模仿发音，规范学生正确的语音语调。
Step5．Practice
1、Read and match.给出学生一些日常生活中禁止的图标，与句子连线。
2、Look，say and write.给出学生三个场景，in the library in the classroom at the train station让学生利用所学句型进行交流学习，并选择其中一幅图写下来。
设计意图：英语是一种交际工具,英语教学的最终目的是培养学生使用这种交际工具的能力。本环节的训练就是学生在理解文本的基础上，对文本内容运用语言进行组织再现的过程。通过这一环节的实施，不仅激发了学生学习兴趣，更加深对课文的理解和记忆，同时提高了他们语言运用的能力，促进他们“学以致用”。
Step6. Homework.
1. Read the text with your friends.
2. Make rules for your classroom with your friends.
2014—2015学八年级下册英语单元教学计划
（博文学校初中八年级英语组
任课教师：王玉勇 孙涛 葛申卿）
新学期开始，为使教学工作正常有序的开展，特制定2014-2015学年第二学期教学计划：、教学分析
1.教材分析 外研版《英语》八年级（下册），全书共有十个单元。本教材各单元话题灵活，贴近生活实际。本册书将学习到的一些语法知识点有：感官动词、简单句、并列复合句、及宾语从句、现在完成时
2.学情分析 本人担任八年级三、四2个班的英语教学工作，学生100余人。通过初中一年半的英语学习，大多数学生已能听懂有关熟悉话题的语段和简短的故事，能就熟悉的话题交换信息，能读懂短篇故事，能写便条和简单的书信。但由于各种因素的影响，学生发展参差不齐。少数学生因为基础不够好，学习很吃力而自暴自弃，有的因此扰乱课堂纪律，这给教学带来不少困难。
二、教学目的和要求
第一模块：学习feel, taste, look等表示感觉和知觉的系动词，学会描述感觉和知觉。第二模块：初步认识现在完成时，了解现在完成时的基本构成。第三模块：以太空旅行为载体，进一步学习现在完成时，了解yet, already ,just在现在完成时里的应用。第四模块：主要讲述看医生，了解since for的差别。第五模块：通过讨论卡通英雄人物来复习学过的几个时态，学会区分。第六模块：通过谈论爱好，把简单句引入教学，让学生认识什么叫简单句。第七模块：通过讨论“洛杉矶的夏天”的话题，学习and but 连接的并列复合句，同时通过阅读，更多地了解世界。第八模块：通过讨论“旅游与自然”的话题，学习用that引导的宾语从句。第九模块：通过讨论“友谊”的话题，学习用if whether who when 等引导的宾语从句，继续巩固宾语从句的学习。第十模块：通过讨论“工作和职业”，巩固对宾语从句的学习。
三、措施
1.面向全体学生，注重素质教育。（抓基础）
2.以学生为主体，尊重学生个体差异。（了解学生）
3.采用活动途径，倡导体验与参与。（调动学生的学习积极性）
4.开发课程资源，拓展教学渠道。（多渠道教学）
具体来说： 1.认真专研教材和课标，精心备课，认真上好每一堂课。确定每堂课的基础内容，预备内容和拓展内容，满足不同层次学生的不同需求。2.充分利用现有的现代化教学设备，加强直观教学，提高课堂效率。3.多与学生沟通，了解学生学习状况和需求，及时改进教学中存在的问题和不足。4.积极开展丰富多彩的英语活动，提高学生兴趣。如英语演讲比赛、单词听写比赛、朗读比赛、英语手抄报比赛、学唱英文歌曲，课前五分钟活动等。5.注重个别辅导，在面向全体学生的基础上，培优补差。6.不断学习，加强自身素质和业务能力的提高。
四、课时安排
第一周1、讲解期末试卷
2、复习第一模块
feelings and impressions
第二模块
Experiences 第二周 第三模块
Journey to space 第三周 第四模块
Seeing the doctor
第四、五周1、复习第三模块
Journey to space
第四模块
Seeing the doctor
2、检测第一二三四模块
第六周第五模块
Cartoons 第六模块
Hobbies 第七、八周1、复习模块A
2、系统复习第一二三四五模块（感官系动词的现在完成时）
3、迎接期中考试
第九周1、复习第六模块
Hobbies
Hobbies 的类别，作用，应用
2、检测
第十、十一周第七模块
Summer in Los Angeles
Get to know the culture about America 第十二周第八模块
Time off
Master the object clause that宾语从句 第十三周第九模块
friendship
Master the object clause if /whether宾语从句 第十四周第十模块
On the radio
Master the object clause Wh--question words宾语从句
复习模块B
为期末备考
第十五、十六周重点复习第六七八九十模块
迎接期末考试
注：各模块各单元所需时间可根据实际需要进行调整。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to yourparents?
Section A 1 (1a-2d)
一、教学目标：
1. 语言知识目标：
1) 能掌握以下单词：allow, wrong, guess,deal, work out
能掌握以下句型：
① —What’swrong?
—I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night.
② You could give him a ticket to a ball game.
③ I think you should ask your parents forsome money.
④ Why don’tyou talk to him about it?
2) 能了解以下语法：
(1)能够运用所学知识谈论问题和困难、提出建议并做出选择;
(2)能根据对方所提出的问题，给出一些合理的建议。
2.情感态度价值观目标：
培养学生良好的合作意识，鼓励学生大胆表达自己的想法和意愿。正确认识生活中的一些困难，能采用正确的方式解决生活中的问题。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) Talk about the problems.
2) Learn the new languagepoints.
2. 教学难点：
能根据对方所提出的问题，给出一些合理的建议。
学会表达建议的一些方式。
三、教学过程
Step 1 Warmingup
1. 导入学生们平时在学校和生活中存在的问题。
T: What’s the matter/ What’s wrong?
S: He has too much homework to do.
T: Do he like to do it?
S1：No, he doesn’t. Because hedoesn’t have any free time to do things he likes.
…
Step2 Talking
1. Lookat these problems. Do you think they are serious or not? Ss discuss withtheir partners and give some advice.
① I have to study too much so I don’t getenough sleep.
② Ihave too much homework so I don’t have any free time to do things I like.
③ Myparents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.
④ Ihave too many after-school classes.
⑤ I got into a fight withmy best friend.
Step 3 Listening
1. T: Tell Ss to read the sentences in 1a again. Make sure they know the meaning ofthe sentences.
2. Play the recording forthe Ss to listen and circle the problems you hear in 1a.
3. Play the recordingagain. Check the answers with the Ss.
Step 4 Pair work
1. Let Ss read the conversationin the box.
2. Use the information in 1a to make other conversations.
3. Let some pairs act outtheir conversations.
e.g. A: What’swrong?
B: I’mreally tied because I studied until midnight last night.
A: Why don’t you go tosleep earlier this evening?
4. Language points
1) allow v. 允许;准许
allowsb. (not) to do sth. (不)允许某人做某事
e.g. My parents don’tallow me to stay up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。
Mr. Smith allowed Mike to drive there. 史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。
2) wrong adj. 错误的;不对的
= notright
e.g. Some words on theadvertisement are wrong. 广告上的一些字错了。
Step 5 Listening
Work on 2a:
T:Peter has some problems. What advicedoes his friend give him? Fill in the blanks with could or should.
1. Let Ss read the sentences in 2a.
2. Play the recording for the Ss to listen and writethe words in the blank.
3. Play the recording again to check the answers.
Work on 2b:
1. Let Ss read the sentences below. Explain somemain sentences for the Ss. Make sure they know the meaning of each sentence.
2. Play the recording forthe Ss to write the letters (a-e) next to the advice in 2a.
3. Play the recording againto check the answers.
Answers: 1. d 2. e 3. a 4. c 5. b
Exercise:
Listen again. Fill in theblanks.
Boy 2 had a ______ with his best friend. He could______ him a letter. But he isn’t good at writing letters. He ______ call him____, but he doesn’t want to talk about it on the ______. He ______ talk to himso that he can say he’s sorry but it’s not ____. He ______go to his house buthe doesn’t want to _______ him. He could take him to the _____________, but hedoesn’t want to wait that long.
Step 6 Pair work
1. Tell Ss to make aconversation using the information in 2aand 2b.
2. Let one pair to read outtheir conversation first.
3. e.g. A: What’s thematter, Peter?
B: Ihad a fight with my best friend. What should I do?
A: Well,you should call him so that you can say you’re sorry.
B: ButI don’t want to talk about it on the phone.
4. Ss act the conversationin pairs. Ask some pairs to act out their conversations.
Step 7 Role-play
1. Ss read theconversations and try to understand the meaning.
2. Read the conversationafter the teacher.
3. Practice the conversation with their partner.Then let some pairs to act out the conversation.
4. Explain some new wordsand main points in the conversation.
(1) guess
e.g. Let us guess the height of the building.
让我们来猜一下这个建筑物的高度。
(2) big deal, deal
big deal是英语中的一个固定搭配，表示 “重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。作否定用法时，常说It’s not a big deal或It’s no big deal.表示说话人并不认为某事有什么了不起。
e.g. There's a soccergame on TV this evening but I don’t have to watch it. It’s no big deal. 今天晚上电视上有一场足球赛，但我不一定要看。没什么大不了的。
It’s a big deal, David, bigger than you know.
这事挺重要的，戴维，比你所知道的要重要。
What's the big deal? It’s only a birthday, not the end of the world.
有什么了不起的?这不过是个生日，又不是世界某日。
(3) work out
work out 解决(问题);算出
e.g. Mike worked out thedifficult problem by himself.
迈克自己算出了那道难题。
Isit possible to work out the problem? 有可能解决这个问题吗?
Homework:
Write three conversationsabout your problems and your friends’ suggestions.
A: I have too manyafter-school classes.
What could I do?
B: You could …
Section A 2 (3a-3c)
一、教学目标：
1. 语言知识目标：
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：get on with; relation, communication, argue, cloud, elder, instead, whatever, nervous, offer, proper, secondly, communication, explain, clear
2)阅读短文，能按要求找到相应的信息。
3)通过阅读提高学生们的阅读能力。
4) 了解在如果生活中发生了一些不尽如人意的问题，应当如何面对理性地去解决。
2. 情感态度价值观目标：
人的一生并不都是一帆风顺的，难免有一些挫折的困难，如果生活中发生了一些不尽如人意的问题，我们学会冷静对待，学会合理的办法去理性地去解决。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 掌握本部分出现的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息。通过阅读练习，来提高阅读能力。
2. 教学难点：
1) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息的能力。
2) 理解并运用所学的词汇及表达方式。
三、教学过程
Step 1 Revision
Some Ss give some problems. Other Ss give advice.
Problems and advice:
1. I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?
2. I have too much homework so I don’t have any free time to do things I like.
Why don’t you go camping with your friends this weekend?
3. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.
Why not read some interesting books at home?
4. I have too many after-school classes.
Why don’t you talk about it with your parents?
5. I got into a fight with my best friend.
Why not call him up?
Role-play the conversation of 2d.
Step 2 Presentation the new words
1. relation n. 关系;联系;交往
e.g. Their relation seemed quite close. 他们的关系看起来很亲密。
2. argue v. 争吵;争论
e.g. The couple began to argue about the child’s education.
那对夫妇开始就孩子的教育问题争吵。
3. proper adj. 正确的;恰当的
e.g. It’s not proper to visit a friend too late in the evening.
太晚了，去看朋友不合适。
4. nervous adj. 焦虑的;担忧的
e.g. Don’t be nervous. It is just a small test. 不要紧张。就是个小测试而已。
5. clear adj. 清楚易懂的;晴朗的
e.g. The sun shone out of a clear sky. 天空晴朗，阳光灿烂。
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