人教版英语课件锦集11篇

10-02

我们听了一场关于“人教版英语课件”的演讲让我们思考了很多。老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中，所以老师写教案可不能随便对待。教案是评估学生学习效果的有效依据。经过阅读本页你的认识会更加全面！

人教版英语课件篇1

学习目标

本单元以谈论“科学与幻想”为话题，使学生了解科学与幻想的区别，认识到学习科学的重要性；同时通过对法国科学幻想和冒险小学家儒勒凡尔纳（Jules Verne）及其作品的介绍，激发学生探索宇宙奥秘的兴趣。学习英语构词法。在练习写幻想短文“创造一个类似人类的生物”的实践中，培养书面表达能力，同时拓展学生创造性思维。

单元要点

Word study

1.fantasy 2.league 3.distance 4.ballon 5.fiction 6.servant 7.whale 8.hunter llision 10.permanent 11.guest 12.voyage 13.aboard 14.prisoner 15.gentle 16.marble 17.paraphrase 18.matter 19.phenomena 20.attention 21.labour 22.hesitate 23.butcher 24.curtain 25.lip 1.幻想作品；想象的产物 2.联盟；里格（旧时长度单位） 3.距离 4.气球 5.小说；虚构的事 6.仆人；公务员 7.鲸；巨大的人或事 8.猎人；搜索者9.碰撞；冲突 10.永久的；固定不变的 11.客人；客座教授 12.航海；航空 13.在船（飞机、车）上 14.俘虏；犯人 15.温柔的；有礼貌的 16.大理石 17.意译；释义 18.事情；物质 19.现象；奇迹 20.注意力；留心 21.努力；劳动果实 22.犹豫；踌躇 23.屠夫；买肉者 24.窗帘；幕 25.嘴唇；唇状物

Useful

expressions 1.make a sketch 2.science fiction 3.in the far future e true 5.to make a living 6.lay the foundation 7.sea monster 8.set out to do sth. 9.turn out 10.from that day on 11.begin with… 12.extinct volcano 13.instead of 14.search for 15.dream of 16.throw light upon 17.attract one’s attention 18.slow down 19.in height 20.cut up 1.简单描述；列提纲 2.科幻小说 3.在遥远的未来 4.实现 5.谋生 6.奠定基础 7.海生怪物 8.着手做某事 9.结果是 10.自从那天起 11.以……为开始 12.死火山 13.而不是 14.找寻 15.梦到 16.阐明某事；使某事显得非常清楚 17.引起某人注意 18.使减速慢行 19.在高度上 20.切碎

Sentence

patterns &

Communicative

English 1.Jules spent many years in Paris libraries studying geology, physics and many other subjects.

2.Many of the instruments in his novels will remind the reader of Dr.Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity.

3.By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further, Jules Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction.

4.He also suggested how inventions could be used in the future to allow man to do things that were considered impossible in his own time.

5.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.

6.Dressed in diving suits, they walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship.

7.Passing through layers of coal and marble they go deeper and deeper.

8.But I found all that was taught at university very disappointing and decided that I would pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of nature.

9.While unfinished, he was ugly, but now he was a living horror.

10.Under water travel and space travel have many things in common.

Grammar Word-formation

Topics &Writing Write a short passage about man’s great dream of creating life.

语言点讲解

1. The French writer Jules Verne wrote famous books, such as 20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea and Around the World in 80 days.法国作家儒勒凡尔纳写了很多著名书籍，比如《海底两万里》和《八十天环游地球》。

（1）Jules Verne 儒勒凡尔纳。法国科学幻想家和冒险小说家。

（2）such as

①like; for example 像；诸如；例如 eg:

Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了。

②everything that凡是 eg:

Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die.我死后全部财产除了交税以外全部给你。

（3）league n.

① former measure of distance (about 3 miles or 4.8 km) 里格（旧时长度单位，约3英里或4.8公里）。 eg:

The horse can run 50 leagues a day. 这匹马一天能跑240公里。

②group of people or countries combined for a particular purpose 联盟；同盟 eg:

The League of Nations is an international organization.国际联盟是一个国际组织。

2. Try the small science quiz below to see if you know any better. 试试下面的科学小测验，看看你是否了解得多些。

any better 更好

any adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑问句中，与faster, slower, better等连用；用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上；丝毫 eg:

I can’t run any faster. 我无法跑得更快了。

Is your father any better? 你父亲有所好转了吗？

3. What is the distance from the earth to the moon? 地球到月球的距离是多少？

(1) distance n. [C, U]

① (amount of) space between two points or places 距离；间距

A good cyclist can cover a distance of over a hundred miles a day.自行车骑得好的人一天可以行驶一百多英里。

②distant place or point 远处；远方 eg:

At a distance of six miles you can’t see much.距离六英里以外的东西很难看清。

(2) at a distance （稍）远处，表示一定的距离，近距离或用以说明具体的距离，其不定冠词a有时可以略去或改用some。 eg:

This picture looks better at a distance. 这幅画远看就好些。

(3) in the distance (far away) 在（较）远处，强调距离之远。 eg:

They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy.他们期望着发现远处敌人的迹象。

(4) keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离；不愿与某人亲近eg:

He always keeps anyone at a distance. 他总是不愿与任何人亲近：

4. How fast does a balloon travel? How about an airplane? How about a space shuttle?

一只气球能走多快？一架飞机呢？还有一架航天飞机呢？

(1)ballon

①n. brightly-coloured rubber bag that is filled with air, used as a child’s toy or a decoration（用作玩具或装饰品的）气球 eg:

They bought their son a lot of balloons yesterday.昨天他们给他们的儿子买了很多气球。

②v. swell out like a balloon 如气球一般膨胀 eg:

Her skirt ballooned in the wind. 她的裙子让风吹得鼓起来了。

③go ballooning 乘气球 eg:

They like to go ballooning at weekends. 他们周末喜欢乘气球玩。

(2)How/What about …？……怎么样？常常用来打听消息或提出建议，征求对方意见，后接名词，代词或动名词。 eg:

How about your mother? Does she feel better today?你妈妈怎么样听？她今天觉得好点儿了吗？

(3)space shuttle-spacecraft designed for repeated use, eg between earth and a space station or the moon 航天飞机；太空穿梭机 eg:

I have never seen a space shuttle. 我从未看见过航天飞机。

知识点讲解

1. Fill in the chart on the next page and make a sketch of the animal as they saw.

填写下一页的图表并按他们看到的动物的样子给那种动物作一个速写。

sketch n.

①rough quickly-made drawing, without many details素描；速写；草图

②make a sketch of … 作一个……的速写 eg:

He was good at making a sketch of face. 他擅长作面部素描。

③short account or description, giving only basic details 简短的陈述或素描

④give a sketch of …概述…… eg:

Please give a sketch of your plans. 请概述一下你的计划。

2. description n. describing; picture in words 描述；描绘

（1）give sb. a brief description of …向某人简要地描述…… eg:

Can you give me a brief description of what has happened?你能向我简要描述一下所发生的事吗？

（2）beyond description 难以描述 eg:

Her beauty is beyond description. 她的美貌难以用语言来描述。

（3）give/make a description of …对……加以描述 eg:

He made a description of the thief.他描述了小偷的模样。

（4）describe v. say what sb./sth. is like; depict sth. in words 描述某人/某事物。常构成describe sb./sth. (to/for sb.) eg:

Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene.那景色之美难以言传。

3. Why does Sam need to know the time? 为什么萨姆需要知道时间？

need的用法小结：

（1）need作情态动词，通常用于疑问句、否定句、条件句、whether/if名词从句或含否定意义的句子中。 eg:

I do not see why we need discuss it further.我看我们没有必要讨论下去了。

That’s all settled. It needn’t be talked about.那已全部解决了，没有必要再讨论了。

（2）need又是实义动词，各种变化和用法与普通实义动词相同。 eg:

①They need a rest after a long walk.长距离行走后他们需要休息一下。

②I need you to work for me, young man! 小伙子，我需要你为我工作！

③I need to consult a dictionary. 我需要查字典。

（3）need接动名词主动形式，表示被动含义，这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，need doing可转换为need to be done结构，意思相同。

My hair needs washing badly.(=My hair needs to be washed badly.)我的头发非常需要洗一洗。

The garden needs watering.(= The garden needs to be watered.)花园需要洗水。

4. fiction n.

(1)[C] sth. invented or imagined 虚构之事；捏造的故事 eg:

The film was very good although it was a fiction.这部电影虽属虚构，但很好。

(2)[U] (branch of literature concerned with) stories, novels and romances （作为文学之一分支的）小说 eg:

Truth is often stranger than fiction.事实往往比小说还离奇。

(3)science fiction 科幻小说

5. in the future, in future与in the far future.

(1)in the future意思是“将来，今后的时期”，但不一定就是从今立即开始，而是将来的时间。 eg:

No one can know what will happen in the future.没有人会知道将来会发生什么事。

(2)in future意思是“从今以后”（=from now on）。 eg:

In future, be careful with your pronunciation. 今后要注意你的发音。

(3)in the far future 在遥远的未来 eg:

It is possible for doctors to find a way to keep us young forever in the far future.

在遥远的未来，医生有可能找到一种使我们永远年轻的办法。

6. incomplete adj. not complete不完全的 eg:

The passage below is incomplete. Please fill in the blanks using correct prepositions.

下面的文章是不完整的，请用正确的介词填空。

注：incomplete是在complete前加含否定含义的前缀“in-“构成的，表达与complete相反的含义。

7. work with sb.与work with sth.

(1)work with sb.意为“和某人一道工作” eg:

I like to work with him. 我喜欢和他一块儿工作。

(2)work with sth. 意为“从事……方面的研究工作”，“用……工作” eg:

Professor Wang had worked with bees for many years.王教授多年从事蜜蜂的研究工作。

I would rather work with the bigger brush.我宁愿用那把大一点儿的刷子干活。

8. (1) beat, defeat, win与gain

①beat和defeat属一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。 eg:

We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。

In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击（打）败。

②win和gain属一组同义词。Gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:

We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。

They won the battle but lost many men.他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了很多人。

(2)beat, hit, strike与tap

beat着重“连续性地击打”，如殴打或体罚，也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方。此外，beat还可用来指心脏的跳动。strike通常表示打一下，打若干下等意思，不一定都是有意的，还可指罢工，（钟）敲响之意。hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。 eg:

The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麦子被雨水打得伏倒了。

The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部。

It strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers.它（蚂蚁）用前腿和触角敲打臭虫的背部。

It taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code.

它（蚂蚁）像使用一种电码的方式一样，用触角轻敲对方的头部。

9. Doctors may find a way to keep us young forever.医生可能会找到一种使我们永远保持年轻的办法。

（1）“way”意为“方式，方法”，在其后要用to do或of doing的形式作后置定语。 eg:

Cao chong thought out a way to weigth/of weighing the elephant.曹冲想出了一个称象的办法。

（2）此外，如果way之后跟定语从句，那么这个定语从句用in which或that引导，也可省略。 eg:

This was the way that/in which they solved the problem.这就是他们解决那个问题的办法。

10. believe sb. 与believe in sb.

believe sb.相信某人（所说的话是真的）

believe in sb.信任某人 eg:

I believe him, but I can’t believe in him.我相信他的话是真的，但我不能信任他。

生词和词组

1. bulb n.

①(also light bulb) pear-shaped glass container for the filament of an electric light 电灯泡 eg:

If you have time, please change a bulb.如果你有时间的话，请换个灯泡。

②thick rounded underground stem of certain plants（eg the lily, onion, tulip） sending roots downwards and leaves upwards. 鳞茎；球茎（如百合、洋葱、郁金香的茎） eg:

We cooked onion bulbs for food. 我们烹调洋葱茎作为食物。

③object shaped like a bulb 球状物 eg:

The bulb of this thermometer is broken.这支温度计的球状顶端碎了。

2. foundation n.

①[U] act of founding (an institution, organization, etc.) （机构，组织等的）建立，创立，创办 eg:

He devoted all his energy to the foundation of the university.

他把全部精力都致力于这所大学的创办。

②[C,U] principle, idea or fact on which sth. is based; basis（作为某事的）基本原则、思想或事实；基础 eg:

This success laid the foundation of his career.这次成功为他的事业奠定了基础。

③foundation course 基础课

④ foundation-stone 奠基石

⑤found v.建立，创立

⑥founder n. 建立者；缔造者

3. servant n.

①person who works in sb. else’s household for wages, and often for food and lodging 仆人；佣人 eg:

He had a lot of servants work for him. 他让很多仆人为他工作。

②employee, esp. a faithful and devoted one 雇员（尤指忠心耿耿的）；公务员 eg:

He was a trusted servant of the company. 他是这个公司里的一个可靠雇员。

4. whale

(1)n. any of several types of very large mammal that live in the sea, some of which are hunted for their oil and flesh 鲸 eg:

A whale is not a fish.鲸不是鱼。

(2)have a whale of a time（习语）玩得非常愉快 eg:

The children had a whale of a time at the fairground.孩子们在游乐场玩得很高兴。

(3)v. hunt whales 捕鲸 eg:

They are whaling at sea. 他们正在海上捕鲸。

(4)whaler n.捕鲸；捕鲸的人

5. hunter n. person who hunts 猎人；搜索者；搜寻者 eg:

The hunter lost his way in the forest when he went hunting that day.

那个猎人那天去打猎的时候在森林里迷了路。

6. collision n. [C,U]

①(instance of) one object or person striking against another; (instance of) colliding; crash（物与物或人与人）相撞，碰撞，撞坏

常构成：collision with sb./sth. 与某人/某物相撞

collision between A and B A与B相撞 eg:

The collision between two cars caused 3 deaths. 两车相撞造成三人死亡。

②strong disagreement; conflict or clash of opposing aims, ideas, opinions, etc.抵触；（相反的目的、看法、意见等的）冲突 eg:

Her political activities brought her into collision with the law.她的政治活动触犯了法律。

7. overboard adv.

①over the side of a ship or boat into the water 从船上落（或抛）入水中；在船外 eg:

The sailor jumped overboard into the sea. 那位水手从船上跳入水中。

②go overboard (about sb./sth.) 对（某人/某事）极感兴趣或过分感兴趣 eg:

He goes overboard about ever young woman he meets.他对年轻的女子见一个爱一个。

③throw sth./sb. overboard 抛弃某事物；除掉或不再支持某人 eg:

After heavily losing the election, the party threw their leader overboard.该党惨败落选后罢免了党魁。

8. submarine n. naval vessel that can operate underwater welll as on the surface 潜水艇 eg:

A submarine travels under the surface of the sea.潜水艇在海面下行驶。

9. permanent adj.

①lasting or expected to last for a long time or for ever 永久的；永恒的；长久的；长期的 eg:

She is looking for permanent employment.她正在找固定的工作。

②not likely to change 不大可能改变的 eg:

She wrote down my permanent address. 她写下了我的固定地址。

10. guest

(1)n. person invited to visit one’s house or being entertained at one’s expense宾客；客人 eg:

We are expecting guests this weekend. 我们本周末要来客人。

(2)n. person staying at a hotel, boarding house, etc.住在旅馆、寄宿处等的人；旅客 eg:

This hotel has accommodation for 500 guests.这旅馆能接待500位客人。

(3)客座教授 eg:

Professor Wang, our guest tonight, will give us a speech on DNA.

我们的客座教授王教授，今晚要给我们作一个关于DNA的演讲。

(4)v. appear as a guest on a television or radio programme（在电视或广播节目中）客串 eg:

She often guests on a radio programme.她经常在一个广播节目中客串。

11. voyage (1)n. long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行；（尤指）航海，航天 eg:

They made a voyage across the Atlantic.他们作了一次横越大西洋的航行。

(2)v. go on a voyage; travel 航行；航海；航天飞行 eg:

A plane crashed down when it voyaged through space.一架飞机作航天飞行时坠毁了。

(3)voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者

12. aboard adv. On or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or (esp. U.S.) a bus在船（或飞机、车）上；上船；登机 eg:

We went aboard. 我们上了船。

13. prisoner n.

①person kept in prison, as a punishment or awaiting trial犯人；囚犯 eg:

He was kept as a prisoner.他作为一个囚犯被关了起来。

②person that has been captured被抓起来的人；俘虏；失去自由的人 eg:

You are our prisoner now.你现在是我们的俘虏了。

14. gentle adj. mild; kind; careful; not rough, violent or severe 温和的；慈祥的；小心的；温柔的；文雅的；轻轻的 eg:

I met a gentle old woman yesterday. 我昨天遇到了一个慈祥的老太太。

15. extinct adj. ①(esp. of a type of animal, etc.) no longer in existence（尤指某种动物等）不再存在的；绝种的；灭绝的 eg:

If we continue to destroy the countryside, many more animals will become extinct.

我们若继续破坏乡村环境，将会有更多的动物绝种。

②(fire or hope) ge out（火，希望等）熄灭了的 eg:

The fire was extinct.火灭了。

16. layer [′leI (r)] n. ① thickness of material (esp. one of several) laid over a surface or forming a horizontal division层（尤指数层之一） eg:

Several thin layers of clothing will keep you warmer than a thick one.穿几层薄的衣服总比穿一层厚的衣服暖和。

②person who lays sth. on… 铺设者

17. marble

(1)n. types of hard limestone used, when cut and polished, for building and sculpture 大理石 eg:

These steps are made of marble. 这些台阶是大理石建造的。

(2) marbles (pl.) collection of marble sculptures; works of art in marble 大理石雕刻品；大理石艺术品

(3)adj. like marble 像大理石的 eg:

She has marble skin. 她有着大理石般光洁的皮肤。

18. paraphrase

(1)v. express the meaning of (a piece of writing, statement, etc.) in different words, esp. in order to make it easier to understand将（一段文字等）释义或意译（尤指为易于理解） eg:

He paraphrased a speech in colloquial English.他用通俗英语意译了一篇演讲稿。

(2)n. rewording of a piece of writing, statement, etc. , especially in order to make it easier to understand

（对一段文字等的）释义，意义（尤指为易于理解） eg:

The paraphrase of the sonnet is easy to understand.该十四行诗的意译易于理解。

19. definition [U] n. stating the exact meaning (of words, etc.)（词语等的）释义 eg:

Dictionary writers must be skilled in ther art of definition.

辞书编纂者必须精于给词语下定义的技巧。

20. misbehave v. behave badly or improperly 行为不端；举止不当 eg:

She misbehaved. 她行为不端。

21. subtitle n. (usu. pl. 通常作复数) (esp. cinema 尤用于电影)

words printed on a film that translate the dialogue of a foreign film, give those of a silent film or (on television) supply dialogue for deaf viewers 字幕 eg:

Without the subtitles I would not understand the film.没有字幕的话我就理解不了这部电影。

22. interchangeable adj. that can be interchanged, esp. without affecting the way in which sth. works 可交换的，可互换的，可交替的（尤指不影响操作的） eg:

The two words are interchangeable. 这两个单词是可互换的。

23. underpants n. short undergarment worn by men and boys covering the lower part of the body（男用）内裤 eg:

He stood there in his underpants. 他只穿内裤站在那儿。

24. study law study 研究；学习；求学。 study law意为“研究法律”，law前不加冠词，类似的用法还有study medicine“研究医学”。 eg:

He wanted to study law. 他想学法律。

25. make a living与make one’s living意为“谋生”，这里的make也可换成earn/gain/get。在表达“靠做……以谋生”之意时，常用短语earn/gain/get/make a/one’s living by doing sth./as a…。 eg:

Before liberation, her grandfather made a/his living by working for a land owner.解放前，她爷爷靠给一个地主干活为生。

26. …allow man to do things … ……允许人类做……, allow可构成以下结构：

allow sb. to do sth.→被动：sb. be allowed to do sth.

allow doing sth.允许做某事 eg:

Mother doesn’t allow me to go out at night. 妈妈不允许我晚上外出。

They didn’t allow smoking here. 这儿不允许吸烟。

类似用法的动词还有：advise, permit, forbid等词。

27. set out与set off

(1)set out意为“出发/启程”，表达“动身去某地”时用“set out for sp.”此时可与“set off for sp.”互换。 eg:

They set out for town at dawn.他们在拂晓动身进城了。

(2)set out to do sth.意为“开始做某事”。 eg:

When everything was ready, the doctor set out to perform the operation.一切准备就绪，医生就开始动起手术来了。

28. on board上船（或飞机、火车、汽车等）；在船上（或飞机上、火车上、汽车上）。 eg:

As soon as we went on board, our ship left the port.我们一上船，船就出港了。

29. from that day on从那天起，“from+时间+on”表示“从……时候起”，如“from then/now/ on”表示“从那时/现在/起”之意。可与现在、过去、将来的时态连用。 eg:

From then on she knew she would win. 从那时起她就知道她将取胜。

30. defend … against/from …保护/保卫/防御……抵御/免遭 eg:

The soldiers defended their country against enemies.战士们保卫他们的祖国抵御敌人。

It is the nature of a mother to defend her child from harm.保护自己的孩子不受伤害是一个母亲的天性。

同、近义词辨析

1. electric与electrical

(1)electric电的；用电的；带电的；发电的

an electric current/torch/iron 电流/电筒/电熨斗 eg:

He bought an electric torch yesterday.昨天他买了一个手电筒。

(2)electrical关于电的

electrical engineering电机工程学 eg:

He majored in electrical engineering in the college.他在大学里主修电机工程学。

2. discover, find out与invent

(1)discover指“发现”某种本来存在，而以前未被发现的事物或未为人所知的东西。

(2)find out常用来指“弄明白、搞清楚、查出（某一真相）”，做“发现”讲时，是指发现一种无形而隐藏的东西。

(3)invent表“发明”之意，意思是发明出以前没有的东西，往往是物质性的东西。 eg:

Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb.吉伯特发现了电，而爱迪生发明了灯泡。

Think over and you’ll find out that you are wrong.仔细想想，你就会发现你错了。

3. instead与instead of

instead是副词；instead of为介词短语，后接名词，代词，动名词或介词短语，从句等形式。一般情况下，含有instead of的句子可以改写为含有instead的句子。 eg:

He stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.

=He didn’t go to school. Instead, he stayed in bed all day.他没去上学，而是在床上躺了一整天。

I didn’t drink water. I drank juice instead.

=I drank juice instead of water. 我没有喝水，而是喝的果汁。

4. late, lately, latest, later与latter

(1)late指比预料的或正常的时间晚。 eg:

I was late for work again.我上班又迟到了。

(2)lately“近来”，常用于疑问句，否定句，或与only连用或用于as lately as中。肯定句中用recently。 eg:

Have you seen her lately?你最近看到过她吗？

(3)latest adj.“最近的”、“最新的” eg:

Have you got the latest news about him? 你有他最近的消息吗？

(4)later“后来”，“较晚的时候”，也可和段时间连用，表示从过去或将来某一时间起，多长时间以后。 eg:

Later the boy found his mother. 后来那个男孩找到了他妈妈。

(5)latter用来表示两事物之间的顺序，意为“后一个/后者”，与the former（前者）相对。 eg:

Of these two men the former is dead, but the latter is still alive.此二人中前者已死，但后者仍活着。

5. at the beginning与in the beginning

(1)at the beginning通常接of短语，表示“在……初”，“在……开始的时候”，它的反义短语是at the end of。 eg:

Great changes took place at the beginning of the century.在那个世纪初发生了巨大的变化。

(2)in the beginning表示“起初”，“开始的时候”，不与of介词短语连用。但at the beginning偶尔也可单独使用，在意思上与in the beginning区别不大。 eg:

In the beginning nobody took any notice of his words.起初没人理睬他的话。

6. finally, at last与in the end

(1)finally一般指一系列事物或论点按排列的最后一项内容，或用在动词前，表示等了好久才……，没有感情色彩。 eg:

Finally, let’s do some exercises.最后我们来做一些练习吧。

(2)at last往往表示经过一番努力或曲折的过程之后的意思，常常有较浓的感情色彩。 eg:

At last, he got hold of the elephant’s tail. 他最后终于抓住了大象的尾巴。

(3)in the end可与finally和at last通用。 eg:

The war lasted four years before the North won in the end.

这场战争持续了四年，最后北方取得了胜利。（但in the end可预卜未来。）

知识点讲解

1. Jules spent many hours in Paris libraries studying geology, physics and many other subjects.

儒勒在巴黎图书馆花费很长时间研究地质学，物理学和许多其他的学科。

spend“花费”，常用于下面的结构：

spend money/time on sth./(in) doing sth. 在某事/做某事方面花费钱/时间

eg: He does not spend much time on his homework.他在做作业上花费不了多少时间。

注意区别spend与take。

Take的用法是：It takes/took/will take sb. Some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间” eg:

It took him two hours to finish the work. 完成这份工作花费了他两个小时。

2. Many of the instruments in his novels will remind the reader of Dr Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity. 他小说里所提到的许多设备会让读者想起本杰明富兰克林用电做的实验。

remind提醒；使想起；可构成以下结构：

(1)remind sb. of sth./sb. 使某人想起某事/某人 eg:

Please remind me to answer that letter.请提醒我回复那封信。

(2)remind sb. of sth./sb. 使某人想起某事/某人 eg:

He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起他哥哥。

(3)remind sb. that从句。提醒某人某事 eg:

He reminded me that I didn’t finish my work.他提醒了我，说我没完成自己的工作。

3. By taking the scientific developments of his day on step further, Jules Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction. 通过将他所处时代的科学发展向前推进一步，儒勒凡尔纳奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。

by在本句是介词，说明手段或方式，可译作“通过，用，以，由于”等，其后常跟名词或动词-ing形式。 eg:

This pair of shoes is made by hand. 这双鞋是手工做的。

By helping them we are helping to save ourselves. 帮助他们就等于救了我们自己。

注意by表达这种含义时与with和in的区别；表示使用有形的工具或器官时要用with，其后的名词前一般应用冠词。使用某种语言，表示用墨水、颜色、颜料等“原料”或“材料”都用in，且名词前不用冠词。 eg:

It is my practice（习惯） to do my writing with a pencil. 我习惯用铅笔写。

Can you sing this song in English? 你能用英语唱这首歌吗？

It is impolite to write a letter in red ink. 用红墨水写信是不礼貌的。

4. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine. 在他们努力求生时，发现自己就在怪兽身体的表面上，结果怪兽竟然是一艘潜水艇。

(1)这里的which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the monster itself。

(2)in their efforts中的in表示“正在进行的动作或状态”。 eg:

He is always in action.他总是在行动中。

W seem to be in agreement on the matter.在这件事上我们的意见看来是一致的。

(3)turn out to be“结果是……”，“最后情况是……” eg:

Though it looked like rain this morning, it has turned out to be a fine day.尽管今早看起来要下雨，最后却是晴天。

The meeting turned out to be very successful. 结果那个会议很成功。

5. They are taken on board and Captain Nemo decides not to kill them but makes them his permanent guests.

他们被带到了艇上。尼莫船长决定不杀死他们而是使他们成为他永久的客人。

(1)decide to do sth. 决定做某事；decide not to do sth.决定不做某事 eg:

We decided not to go abroad for the time being. 我们决定暂时不出国了。

(2)not…but…“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分，如连接两个并列宾语，两个并列表语或两个并列主语等。注意当not…but…连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词要采用就近一致的原则，即与but后的主语保持一致。 eg:

He can speak not Chinese but Japanese.他不会讲汉语会讲日语。

He is not a poet but a writer. 他不是诗人而是作家。

Not I but he is fond of football. 不是我而是他喜欢足球。

(3)…makes them his permanent guests中的his permanent guests用来作them的补足语。

6. The furniture is precious and huge glass windows that can be opened and closed give a view of the underwater world. 摆设很精致，巨大的玻璃窗可以打开或关上，让人看到水下世界。

(1)这里的that引导一个定语从句(that can be opened and closed)用于修饰先行词huge glass windows.

(2)a view of …“……的景色”或“看；眺望；观察”之意。 eg:

There’s a view of the river from my windows.在我的窗前可看到河上风光。

If you stand here you’ll get a better view of the procession.如果你站在这里，就可以更清楚地看到游行队伍。

7. All that is needed for life on board comes from the ocean.艇上所有生活所需全部来自于海洋。

That is needed for life on board是定语从句，修饰先行词all。

注：（1）当先行词是不定代词all, everything, few, little, much, something, anything, nothing等时，宾语从句只能由that引导。 eg:

The boy handed in everything that he had picked up in the street to the police. 那个男孩把他在大街上捡到的一切东西都交给了警察。

（2）all that=what eg:

All that the said was true.=What he said was true.他所说的一切都是真的。

8. Dressed in diving suits, they walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship. 他们穿着潜水衣，在船上灯的照射下在这个魔幻世界中四处走动。

(1)dress ①vt. “给某人穿衣服”用于“dress sb.”结构中。dress oneself意为“给自己穿衣服”；be dressed in意为“穿着……”。 The gentleman is dressed in a modern coat.那位先生穿着一件很新潮的衣服。

②vi. “穿着/打扮”之意 eg:

She dressed well. 她穿得很好。

(2)walk around四处走动 eg:

He walked around in the room. 他在房间里走来走去。

9. (1)They find themselves surrounded by colorful rocks, fishes, shells and plants, all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters. 他们发现自己被彩色的岩石、鱼、贝壳和植物包围着，这些东西在蓝色的海域中慢慢地摇曳移动着。

(2)But at other moments you will find him gentle and weak, when he cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk. 但是在其他时刻，当他为了那些随着沉船一起被淹死的人而哭泣时，你又会发现他温柔又脆弱。

上面两句中的find themselves surrounded和find him gentle and weak都是find的常见用法。这里surrounded是过去分词，gentle和weak是形容词，它们都用来做宾补。find的此种用法可归纳为：find+sb./sth.+adj./介词短语/doing/done/adv./n. 。 eg:

I found the ground covered with snow when I opened the door.当我打开门的时候我发现地面铺满了雪。

When he came in, he found a thief stealing his money.他进来的时候，他发现一个小偷天在偷他的钱。

10. Passing through layers of coal and marble they go deeper and deeper. 穿过煤层和大理石层他们走得越来越深了。

deeper and deeper越来越深

这种“比较级+and+比较级”结构表达“越来越……”之意。 eg:

summer comes, the weather is hotter and hotter.夏天已经到了，天气越来越热了。

典型病句诊断

1.病句：We are not allowed playing with fire.

诊断：We are not allowed to play with fire.

点拨：把句中的playing改为to play。本句使用的是allow sb. to do sth.的被动语态，应该是sb. be allowed to do sth.

2.病句：He has set out to Beijing.

诊断：He has set out for Beijing.

点拨：把句中的to改为for。“动身去某地”用“set out for sp.”是固定搭配。

3.病句：This machine has an electric fault.

诊断：This machine has an electrical fault.

点拨：把句中的electric改为electrical。Electric是“用电的/带电的/发电的/电的”之意，而electrical表达“有关于电的”之意。根据本句之意，应表达“有关电的毛病”，所以要把electric改为electrical。

4.病句：Columbus found out America.

诊断：Columbus discovered America.

点拨：found out表示“弄明白，搞清楚”之意。而“哥伦布发现了美洲”很明显应是发现本来就存在而以前未能发现的美洲，应用discover表达这种含义。

5.病句：We’ll have a party in the open air instead in the house.

诊断：We’ll have a party in the open air instead of in the house.

点拨：instead是副词，而介词短语instead of后面才能跟介词短语。若用instead，上句可改为：We won’t have a party in the house. Instead we will have it ni the open air.。

6.病句：What have you been doing latest?

诊断：What have you been doing lately?

点拨：“latest”是adj. ，表达“最新的；最近的”之意，而句中需要一个副词表达“最近”之意。

7.病句：I took 3 hours doing my homework.

诊断：I spent 3 hours doing my homework.

点拨：spend表“花费”之意，其结构是“sb. spend(s)/spent/will spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.”。而take当“花费”讲时，结构是“It take/took/will take sb. some to do sth.”。

8.病句：These old pictures reminded me my childhood.

诊断：These old pictures reminded me of my childhood.

点拨：remind不能跟双宾语，即不能构成remind sb. sth.结构，表达“提醒某人某事”时要用“remind sb. of sth.”结构。

9.病句：What have you done by the old things?

诊断：What have you done with the old things?

点拨：by之后加手段或方式，with之后加有形的工具或器官。The old things是工具，所以用with。其次，do with还有“处理”，“放置”之意。

10.病句：All which she did made us very surprised.

诊断：All that she did made us very surprised.

点拨：当先行词为不定代词时，定语从句应由that引导，不能用which。all为不定代词。其他的不定代词如everything, something, little, much等也符合这种用法。

单元语法知识归纳：构词

在英语中，词的构成方法主要有三种，即合成、转化和派生。

1.合成法：把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词的方法叫合成法，也叫合词法。

（1）合成名词highway 公路

（2）合成形容词hand-made 手工制作的 good-looking相貌好看的 dark-blue 深蓝

（3）合成动词ill-treat 虐待 mass-produce 大规模生产 safe guard 保卫

（4）合成副词however 然而 downstairs 在楼下

（5）合成代词 anybody nobody something

2.转化法：转化是指词由一种词类转化为另一种词类。

（1）动词转化为名词

常用give, take, have, make等动词与其搭配构成动词词组，表示一个动作。 eg:

give a smile 微笑 give a tick 踢 take a seat 就座

take a bath 洗澡 have a swim 游泳 have a talk谈话 make a wish 许愿

（2）形容词转化为副词

How long is the road？那条路有多条？（形容词）

How long have you been working there? 你在那里工作了多久？（副词）

（3）形容词转化为动词 eg:

The storm slowed down to half its speed. 风暴速度减慢了一半。

The girls gradually quieted down. 女孩子们慢慢安静了下来了。

（4）名词转化为动词 eg:

The hall can seat two thousand people.大厅能坐人。

The passengers have booked their plane ticket.旅客们已经订了飞机票。

（5）形容词转化为名词

Something has gone wrong with the tool.工具出了点毛病。（形容词）

Little children didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.小孩子不能辨别是非。（名词）

3.派生法

派生是由词根加词缀（前缀、后缀）构成新词。除少数前缀外，前缀一般只改变词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般只改变词性，不引起词义的变化。

前缀例词

a-构成形容词、副词 Alive（活着的）, abroad（在国外）, alone

dis-（否定） discourage, disagree

en-（使可能） enrich, enable(使成为可能)，endanger

in-(ill, im-, ir-)（不，非） invisible(看不见), illogical（不合逻辑的）, impossible, irregular（不规则的）

inter-（相互，之间） international, interchange

mis-（误） mislay, misunderstand（误会）,mislead（误导）

re-（重复，再） recycle（循环）,remarry, rewrite

tele-（远程） telephone, telegraph, telecommunications（电信）

un-（不），non-（不，非） unfair, unknown, noon-conductor（非导体）

后缀例词

名

词 -er……者 foreigner, traveler, speaker, reader

-ese……地方的人 Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese

-ian 精通……的人，……地方的人 musician, technician（技术员）， African, Asian

-ist 专业人员 pianist, physicist, scientist, violiinist

-ment性质，状态 movement（运动）, development, encouragement

-ness性质，状态 illness, shyness, sadness, business

-or器具，……者 tractor, visitor, professor, actor

名

词 -tion表示动作、过程、结果 ageneration（世代），suggestion, invention, action

形

容

词

practical（实用的）,international, final

American, Italian, Australian

southern, northern, eastern

helpful, useful, harmful

reasonable, capable, eatable

foolish, British, English selfish

active, native（本族的）,expensive, adoptive

windy, sleepy, healthy, sunny

careless, selfless（无私心的）,harmless, useless

动

词 -fy使……化 simplify（简化）, terrify（恐吓）, satisfy

-ize使……成为 realize（实现）, organize, stabilize, modernize

副

词 -ly表示方式、程度 badly, truly, angrily, suddenly

-ward(s)表示方向 toward(s), backward, outward(s)（向外）

数

词 -teen十 fourteen, eighteen, thirteen

-ty整十位数 forty, fifty, eighty, twenty

-th序数词 twelfth, twentieth, fourth

知识记忆

llision n.碰撞，冲突

a head-on collision正面冲突或相撞

He was killed in a car collision.他在一次汽车相撞中死亡。

His car had a collision with a bus.他的车与公交车相撞了。

A collision with Parliament could ruin the government’s plans.与议会的冲突可能会破坏政府的计划。

be in collision (with)/come into collision (with)(与……)冲突，相撞，发生矛盾

The two ships came into collision.那两只船相撞了。

People with revolutionary ideas may find themselves in collision with the forces of the law.

想革命的人会发现他们自己与法律的势力水火不相容。

2.permanent adj.永久的，固定的，长期不变的

permanent peace 长久的和平

a permanent job 固定的职业

The drug may cause permanent brain damage.这种药可能会引起永久性的脑部伤害。

This is my permanent address.这是我的固定居所。

After doing odd jobs for a week, he got a permanent job.做了一个星期的零工后，他找到了一份固定工作。

3.voyage n.航海，航行

The ship set out on a long voyage.那艘船出发进行长途航行。

The voyage to England took seven days.这次去英国的航行时间是七天。

We made a voyage to Australia.我们航行到了澳大利亚。

He is now on the voyage home.他正在返航途中。

David went on a voyage around the world.大卫作了环游世界的航行。

When I give up work I shall make/take a long sea voyage.我离职后要作一次长途航海旅行。

4.aboard adv.在船(飞机、车)上，上船，上飞机

All aboard! 各位请上船(飞机、车)!

Welcome aboard! 欢迎大家乘船(飞机、车)!

All 257 aboard died in the airliner crash.那次飞机失事中，机上的257名乘客全部遇难。

We got aboard though the boat was crowded.虽然船上很拥挤，我们还是上了船。

He came running along and climbed aboard just as the train was to pull out.

就在火车即将开动时，他跑过来了并爬上了火车。

5.gentle adj.温和的，温柔的，有礼貌的，文雅的

Mothers are always gentle with their children.母亲对待孩子总是温柔体贴。

My new teacher is both gentle and encouraging toward me.我的新老师对我既温和又鼓励。

Mary is very gentle; she never talks roughly.玛丽很文雅，她从来不说粗话。

She was small, and gentle in her voice and movements.她小巧玲珑，声音温柔，动作文雅。

She gave the baby a gentle pat on the back.她在小孩的背上轻轻地拍了一下。

6.throw light on/upon使……显得非常清楚

The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question.现代科学的发展已使这个问题明朗化。

Can you throw any light on the problem? 你能把这个问题阐述清楚吗？

The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake.这个信息可以解开贝克医生之迷。

7.matter n.事情，问题[C]；物质，内容[U]

a private matter 私事

the matter under discussion 讨论中的问题

Political matters interest him greatly.他对政治问题深感兴趣。

It’s no laughing matter.这不是开玩笑的事。

The world is made up of matter.世界是由物质组成的。

Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas.物质以三种形态存在，即固体、液体和气体。

The matter in your essay is excellent.你文章的内容写得很好。

8.phenomena n.[pl.]现象，奇迹(单数形式是phenomenon)

Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather.下雨和下雪是天气现象。

The phenomena were observed by astronomers throughout the world.全世界的天文学家都观测到了这种现象。

That’s a natural phenomenon.那是一种自然现象。

An eclipse is an interesting phenomenon.日食是很有趣的现象。

Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians.贝多芬是音乐家中的奇才。

A child who can play the piano at the age of two would be called a phenomenon.两岁就能弹钢琴的小孩可称为奇才。

9.labour n.努力；劳动，劳动果实

mental labour 脑力劳动 physical labour 体力劳动

Workers are paid for their labour.工人以劳动获得报酬。

His new book is the product of some three years’ labour.这本新书是他大约三年努力的成果。

It is labour to read the Bible through.读完圣经是件相当吃力的工作。

10.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑，踌躇

She hesitated before picking up the phone.她在拿起听筒前犹豫了一下。

She’s still hesitating about sending her son to college.她对于要不要送儿子进大学一事仍然犹豫不决。

We seldom hesitate about where to stay in Paris.去巴黎要住哪儿，我们很少有拿不定主意的情况。

Don’t hesitate to tell me if you have any requests.如果你有什么要求，请告诉我，不要犹豫。

I hesitate to ask you, but will you recommend me for the post?

向你提要求真不好意思，请你推荐我去担任那项职务好吗？

hesitation n.犹豫，踌躇

without hesitation毫不犹豫

I had no hesitation in telling the truth.我毫不迟疑地说出了实情。

发散思维

1.distance n.距离

当询问距离是多少时，要用what提问。

What’s the distance to London? 到伦敦的距离是多少？

distance的修饰语常用some,good,great,long,short等。

It’s a good distance away.离得很远。

The villagers have to walk a long distance to get water.村民们要走很远去取水。

distance常构成下列短语：

within walking distance“在步行可及的地方，几步之遥”

The park is within (easy) walking distance of my house.公园离我家只有几步之遥。

My parents live within walking distance of me.我父母住在我家附近。

at/from a distance (of)“从远处”

This picture looks better at a distance.从远处看，这张画更好看。

Now and then he stepped back to look at his work from a distance.他不时地退后几步从远处看一看他的作品。

One can see the ancient ruins at/from a distance of 20 miles.人们从20英里之处就能看到这个古迹。

in the distance“在远处，远方的”

A ship could be seen in the distance.可以看到远方有一艘船。

I made out three figures moving in the distance.我看到远处有三个黑影在活动。

keep sb.at a distance “与某人保持一段距离，不很亲密”

Mr.Smith is kind to the workers in his store, but after work he keeps them at a distance.

史密斯先生对他商店的工人很好，但下班后却与他们不很亲密。

It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.

很难搞懂她，因为她总是与人保持一定的距离。

2.attention n.注意力，注意，留心，关心

It is difficult to hold the students’ attention for more than an hour.

要让学生们持续集中注意力达一个小时以上，真是很难。

This matter requires our close attention.这件事我们必须密切注意。

He drew attention to the rising unemployment.失业率日渐升高引起了他的注意。

We listened with attention to what he said.我们倾听他所说的话。

My grandfather is over eighty and needs a lot of attention.我的祖父年过八十，需要经常照顾。

The patient needed immediate attention.这位病人需要立即治疗。

常构成的短语：

pay/give attention to 注意 attract/catch/draw/get one’s attention 吸引某人的注意

focus one’s attention on 集中注意力于 devote one’s attention to 专心于

turn one’s attention to 将注意力转向

背景知识

Jules Verne

Jules Verne(1828~1905),French writer and pioneer of science fiction,whose best known works today are Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea(1870)and Around the World in Eighty Days(1873).

Jules Gabriel Verne was born on February 8,1828,in Nantes,France.His parents were of a seafaring tradition,a factor which influenced his writings.As a boy,Jules Verne ran off to be a cabin boy on a merchant ship,but he was caught and returned to his parents.In 1847 Jules was sent to study law in Paris.While there,however,his passion for the theatre grew.Later in 1850,Jules Verne’s first play was published.His father was outraged when he heard that Jules was not going to continue law,so he discontinued the money he was giving him to pay for his expenses in Paris.This forced Verne to make money by selling his stories.

After spending many hours in Paris libraries studying geology,engineering,and astronomy, Jules Verne published his first novel Five Weeks in a Balloon(1863).Soon he started writing novels such as Journey to the Center of the Earth(1864),From the Earth to the Moon(1866),and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea(1873).

Because of the popularity of these and other novels,Jules Verne became a very rich man.In 1876,he bought a large yacht and sailed around Europe.His last novel The Invasion of the Sea appeared in 1905.

Jules Verne died in the city of Amines on March 24,1905.

课文译文

儒勒凡尔纳：科幻小说的鼻祖

儒勒凡尔纳在1828年出生于法国。他的父亲送他去巴黎学习法律，但儒勒却对戏剧产生了热爱。为了谋生，儒勒不得不从事写作并卖掉自己的作品。凡尔纳花了好多时间在巴黎图书馆研究地质学、物理学和其他学科。在他的书中他应用了他那个时代最新的理念和科学发明。他小说中出现的好多工具都会使读者想起本杰明富兰克林有名的关于电的实验。通过把他那个年代的科学发展再往前推一步，儒勒凡尔纳奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。他还提出发明在将来会得到怎么样的应用，而这些用法在他那个年代是被认为不可能的。儒勒凡尔纳死于19，远远早于他任何一个梦想的实现。

在《海底两万里》这本书的一开始,那是他的一部有名的小说,世界各地的船只突然失踪,而且这被认为是一只大海怪造成的。艾瑞纳克斯博士，他的仆人以及一位加拿大的捕鲸者开始去寻找那个怪物。在好几个月的搜寻之后,他们终于找到了它。在随后的搏斗中他们三个人被扔进水中。在他们挣扎求生当中，他们发现自己在一个怪物的表面上，而那怪物其实是一艘潜水艇。他们被带上船，尼莫船长不打算杀掉他们,相反却和他们结成永久的朋友。从那天起,他们就计划逃离。

尼莫船长带着他们在海洋里航行。诺特拉斯是一只非凡的船。里面的家具非常的珍贵。大大的窗户可以打开也可以关闭,这使我们能欣赏到海底世界。这只船还非常结实，外面被厚厚的铁板保护着。船上所需要的一切都来自于海洋。电被用来照明,取暖,提供动力和使船抵御外来袭击。

身穿潜水衣，被船的灯光照明，他们行走在这个魔幻世界里。他们发现自己被五彩的岩石、各种各样的鱼、贝类和海底植物所包围。这些海底生物在碧蓝的海水中摇曳和慢慢移动。

自从这本书一出版，读者们就对尼莫船长的性格感到扑朔迷离。你很难说喜不喜欢他。你或许认为他是一个残酷的人，因为他不仅把艾瑞纳克斯和其他人囚禁起来，还破坏船只。然而在其他时候，比如说当他为在沉船中溺死的人哭泣的时候，你又会认为他很温柔和脆弱。

另外一部精彩小说是《地心探险记》。这部小说是以一部古书里的古老文献的发现为开始的。他向人们解释了怎样发现去地心的路。两位男子决心去冰岛冒险，在那里他们通过一个死活山口走进了地底。他们的导游带着他们穿越一个狭长的通道来到了地下。经过一个煤层和大理石层，他们已经走得越来越深了。他们喝地下河流的沸腾的水。几天过后，他们来到了地下湖和地下海洋。沿着它们的岸边走，他们穿越了一个大森林，里面的蘑菇和植物已经在地球上生存了几百万年了。为了穿越海洋，他们造了一个小筏子但是在海上还是受到了古代海怪的袭击。最后，他们的小筏子被卷入了急流。伴随着越来越高的速度和温度，他们被位于意大利南部的火山口喷出。

弗兰肯斯坦的故事

没有人会比我有一个更加快乐的童年。不同于其他孩子的玩耍和冒险，我有一种强烈的求知欲。我对于语言结构和法律一点都不感兴趣。我想知道地球和天空的奥秘。我的父亲没有科学方面的专业知识，所以我必须在没有人指点迷津的基础上自己去寻找出路。我开始寻求智慧，并梦想找到治愈我疾病的办法。

我阅读了所有有关这件事的书籍。我研究了数学和物理还有其他知识渊博的作者的书。在我17岁的时候，我的父母送我上了大学。但是我发现大学里所教的东西非常地令人失望。因而我决定开创一种新的方法，探索未知的力量，并把大自然最为神奇的秘密揭示给世人。

一个吸引我注意力的现象是人类的身体构造，和任何活着的动物的身体构造。我经常问自己，生命的法则是来自于哪里呢？在无数个日日夜夜的极辛苦劳碌中，我发现了人类的起源和怎样从死去的物质中创造新生命。

当我发现我手中拥有这样神奇的力量之后，我犹豫了好久究竟应怎样用它。尽管我知道怎样创造生命，怎样为这个生命准备好它的肌肉和器官，这仍然是一项困难的工作。一开始我还犹豫是否要创造一个像我一样的人，或者只是几个简单的器官。但是很快我便什么也不想，只想创造一个像人一样完整和神奇的生物。

正是怀着这些情感我开始了我创造人的过程。由于人的身体的各部分过小延误了我的速度，我决定把这个人的尺寸做的比平常人更大一些:高有八尺。在这种想法的引导下，花了好几个月搜集和整理材料，我才真正开始。

谁能想到我这项秘密工作的恐怖？我从坟墓里搜集死人的骨头，并把死人的尸体切开。我的好多工具都是来自于肉铺和医院。是在一个11月份的夜晚，我看到了我工作的结果。我把我的器具放在我的身旁，用这些器具，我可以使我脚底下的这个死了的生物复活。直到第二天一早，我的蜡烛快熄灭的时候。我才看到那个生物睁开他那黄色污浊的眼睛。

我看着我创造的这个怪物。它揭开了床单，而且它的眼睛，如果能被称之为眼睛的话，看着我。他的头发很黑，牙齿像雪一样白，但是皮肤焦黄。当它的薄薄的黑色嘴唇张开的时候，只有一些怪异的声音发出。当他还没被完工的时候它就够丑陋的了，而现在它就是一个活生生的活着的梦魇。

人教版英语课件篇2

Teaching Aims:

1.Learn and master the following words and phrases:

justice,murder,go down on knees,punishment,immediately,order,sword,conflict,complex

2.Train the students’ reading ability.

3.Train the students’ ability to write a play.

Teaching Important Points:

1.Help the students understand the text exactly and master the following words and phrases:

shall,at the mercy of,go down on knees

2.Help the students finish the task of writing a play.

Teaching Difficult Point:

How to help the students write a play.

Teaching Methods:

1.Listening before reading to get the general idea of the text.

2.Asking-and-answering after reading to make the students understand the detailed in formation.

3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student work in class.

4.Performing to make the class lively and interesting.

Teaching Aids:

1.the multimedia

2.the blackboard

Teaching Procedures:

Step Ⅰ Greetings

Greet the whole class as usual.

Step Ⅱ Revision and Lead-in

T:Yesterday,we read the first part of 玊he Merchant of Venice.獳ntonio’s trial was taking place at the court.Do you still remember what happened at the court?Wang Hai,could you please retell the story in the first part?

S1:Yes.At the court,the Duke tried hard to persuade Shylock to have mercy on Antonio,but Shylock insisted on having a pound of his flesh.Even if Bassanio would pay him double the money Antonio had borrowed,Shylock would not change his mind.While the Duke was wondering what to do,Portia arrived,pretending to be a famous lawyer.At first,Portia also tried to persuade Shylock to have mercy on Antonio and take more than three times his money.But Shylock still refused to give up his demand for a pound of flesh from Antonio,so Portia said he might take his knife to prepare to do the deed.

T:Well done.Sit down,please.Will Shylock get his pound of flesh?Let’s go back to the court.First,listen to the tape of the second part of the play.Try to find out what will happen to Antonio and Shylock at last.Begin to listen!

(Teacher plays the tape and checks the answer at the end.)

T:Have you found out the answer?

Ss:Yes.

T:Who’d like to have a try?

S2:Shylock will not get Antonio’s flesh.He has to give half of his money to the city of Venice and promise to leave the other half of his money upon his death to his daughter and her husband.

T:(To the other students)Is that right?

Ss:Yes.

T:OK.Now let’s learn the new words.Then read the play.Look at the screen,please.

(Teacher shows the new words on the screen and deals with them as usual.)

justice/dstIs/ n. 公正；正义

murder/′m：d/ vt. 谋杀

go down on knees 跪下

punishment/′pnImnt/ n. 惩罚

immediately/I′mi：dItlI/玜dv. 立刻；马上

order/′：d/ vt. 命令；下令

sword/s：d/ n. 剑；刀

conflict/′knflIkt/ n. 冲突；战斗

complex/′kmpleks/ adj. 错综复杂的；难解的

△tragedy/′trddI/ n. 悲剧

Step Ⅲ Reading

T:Now,please open your books at Page 71.Read the second part of the play carefully and find out the answers to the questions on the screen.

(Show the screen.)

1.How does Portia stop Shylock from cutting Antonio’s flesh?

2.What does Portia say when Shylock finally agrees to take three times more than Antonio borrowed from him?

3.What is the result of the trial?Does the story have a happy ending?

(Teacher allows the students some time to read the play and prepare for the questions.At the end,ask some students to answer the questions.)

人教版英语课件篇3

一、教学目标：

1. 语言知识目标：

1) 能掌握以下单词：

noodles, mutton, beef, cabbage, potato, special, would, would like, order, bowl, size, tofu

能掌握以下句型：

① —What would you like?

② —I'm not sure yet. Are there any vegetables in the beef noodles? ③ May I take your order?

④ —Can we have two bowls of beef soup then?

—Sure. What size would you like?

—Medium, please.

2) 能了解以下语法：情态动词would的用法;

3)能掌握订餐或叫外卖等的用语。

2. 情感态度价值观目标：

体会学习英语的乐趣，做到“在用中学”“在学中用”。养成一个良好的饮食习惯。

二、教学重难点

1. 教学重点：

1) 学习掌握本课时的重点词组及表达方式。

2) 引导学生们做听、说的训练。

2. 教学难点：

通过role-play的方式掌握如何订餐等用语。

三、教学过程

Ⅰ. Warming-up and lead in

1. Watch a video program about food and vegetables.

2. Ask and answer: What's your favorite food/drink/vegetables?

Ⅱ. Presentation

1. (show some pictures of food on the big screen)

Present some new words and expressions to the Ss.

2. Ss learn the new words and expressions by themselves and try to remember them.

3. Work on 1a:

Read the words on the left and look at the pictures on the right. Write the letters of

the food on the line. Then check the answers.

Ⅲ. Game (Guess the food.)

(Show some pictures of food on the big screen)

Let Ss guess what food it is.

Ss try to guess the food and learn the words.

Ⅳ. Listening

T: In the following conversation, one man is ordering some food. Now, let’s listen to the tape, find out the right noodles the person orders.

Play the recording for the Ss to listen and check the answers.

Ⅴ. Pair work

1. Present the conversation in 1b on the big screen and ask Ss to practice it.

2. Make their own conversations using the noodles in the picture.

3. Let some pairs act out their conversations.

Ⅵ. Listening

1. Work on 2a;

T: Now, look at the pictures on the right, listen to the conversations and check the names of the foods you hear.

(Play the recording for the first time, students only listen carefully.

Then, listen to the recording again, and check the names of the foods.

Check the answers. )

2. Work on 2b:

(Play the recording for the Ss to listen and complete the sentences.)

Play the recording twice. The first time Ss just listen. And the second time, Ss

listen and write down the words.

(If necessary, use the pause button to help Ss)

3. Check the answers.

Ⅶ. Pair work

1. Ask and answer questions with your partner. Use the information in 2a.

2. Show the conversations of 2a on the big screen to the Ss.

3. Make a model for the Ss.

T: What kind of noodles would you like?

S1: I'd like beef noodles, please.

…

3. Ss work in pairs and practice the conversations.

Ⅷ. Role-play

1. Ask Ss to read the conversation in 2d and find the answer to this question： What would they like?

(They would like one large bowl of beef soup, one gongbao chicken, and one

mapo tofu with rice.)

2. Check the answers with the Ss.

3. Ss work with their partners and role-play the conversation.

VIII. Language points

IX. Exercises

Homework

1. Review the words and expressions in this period.

2. Role-play the conversation in 2d.[零思考方案网 M.03KkK.coM]

3. Write a short conversation to order some noodles you like in a restaurant.

人教版英语课件篇4

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn and master noun clauses as subject, the object, the predicative and the appositive introduced by “that”

Teaching Important Points:

1. Master noun clauses as the appositive.

2. Master the differences between the appositive clause and the attributive clause

Teaching Difficult Points:

1.master the differences between the appositive clause and the attributive clause

Teaching Methods:

1. Inductive method to introduce the difference between the appositive clause and the attributive clause

2. Practice to help students master the appositive clause

3. Individual or pair work to make every student work in class

Teaching Aids:

1. A projector

Teaching Procedures:

Step 1 Lead in

a. Review the text and present the appositive clause by asking questions:

1.What impresses you most in the passage ?

The fact that … impresses me most.

2.What have you already known before reading the passage ?

I have known the fact that …

3.Did you hear any news about Britain recently ?

I heard the news that …

b. Collect answers as many as possible ,reminding students of sentence structure if find errors.

Step 2 Tell the function of the following sentences.

Now, please open your book, turn to page 37. There are 6 sentences. We have learned these sentences before. You can look at some other sentences on the slide, and then decide which part the clauses act as.

Step3. Practice

Now turn to the exercise3. Join each pair of sentences using a noun clause as appositive. Now you know that the appositive clause is often put behind some nouns, like belief, fact, hope, idea, news, problem, suggestion and so on. Before you do it, go through what is the appositive clause. First look at the example, the noun “ news” is followed by the appositive clause “ that the famous British singer will come to China”. It explains the concrete contents of the noun “news”. Now do you know how to do this exercise?

Step4. Discussions

T: Now look at the picture on page38. Do you know him? He is the famous English film star, named Pierce Brosnan. Please read his profile.

T: Which fact do you think is new to you? Please express your ideas using the noun clauses. Discuss in pairs or in groups.

S1: I thought he is from England. I didn’t know he is from Ireland.

S2: the fact that his first wife died of cancer in 1991 is surprising.

S3: I don’t know that he owns a production company with a ling-time friend.

Step 5 Grammar Explanation

a. Get students to identify the clauses .

c. Try to make students tell the differences between appositive clause and attributive clause by comparing the sentences.

1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.

2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.

3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.

4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.

c. The teacher offers explanation if necessary.

Step6. Summary

T: In this period, we’ve done some exercises about some important words and the noun clause, especially we practice the appositive clause. Also we ‘ve known the difference between the appositive clause and the attributive clause. After class, you should practice more to master them better. Ok. That’s all for today. See you.

名词性从句介绍

名词性从句包括：主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，其关联词有连接词that, if, whether; 疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。

⒈ 主语从句

⑴ 主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。

E.g. Why he refused to work with you is still a mystery.

Whatever comes is welcome.

⑵ 主语从句前的that不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时候为保持句子平衡，that从句后置，而由it作形式主语。

E.g. That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mother’s influence.

It is not true that he has moved to New York.

⒉ 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语

E.g. I don’t know where the sound came from.

Don’t be satisfied with what you have achieved.

如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make, find, see, hear等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作为形式宾语。

We find it necessary that we practise spoken English every day. 我们发现每天练习口语英语很有必要。

⒊ 当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后构成表语从句。

E.g. The trouble is that I have lost his address.

It seemed that the night would never end.

⒋ 同位语从句

同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释，能接同位语从句的常见名词有：idea,fact,news,belief,hope,evidence,opinion,problem,truth,proposal,theory,decision.blem,thought.understandin,promise等。

E.g. The fact that we talked about is very important.(定语从句)

The fact that he succeed in the experiment pleased everybody.(同位语从句)

注意：名词性从句的难点在于其句型结构不同，所使用的连词比较复杂。因此，如何确定正确的连词是突破名词性从句的关键。解决这一问题可以从以下几点入手：

⑴ 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。

I know what he is talking about.（缺宾语指物）我知道他正在谈论什么。

I’m sure that he will come tomorrow.（什么都不缺）我确信明天他会来。

Where he will go is unknown.（缺地点状语）他要去哪儿还不知道。

I don’t know which book I should choose.（缺定语）我不知道应该选哪本书。

⑵ 注意几组易混连词whether与if；that与what的使用：

⑴引导主语、表语、同位语从句时关联词只用whether不用if 表“是否”。引导宾语从句时whether, if均可。

Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.

The question is whether he will come.

⑵宾语从句中，whether常与or not搭配，也可以说 whether or not, 而不说if or not.

E.g. I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting.

⑶whether也可用在介词后，或带to 不定式前，if or not.

E.g. She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.

⑷ 某些动词后面（如discuss）只能用whether, 不用if .

E.g. We discussed whether we should go on climbing.

The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定。

We don’t know whether/if she is ready. 我们不知道她是否准备好了。

that引导从句时不做成分，无意义；而what在从句中充当成分，有意义。

What he says is important. 他所说的很重要。

That light travels faster than the sound is a fact. 光传播速度比声音快是个事实。

人教版英语课件篇5

武进高级中学

Period Four (Language and Grammar)

A.Free talk

B.Language study

Task 1. Understand words in different situations

Word study about “advance”and “strike” (individual work)

Judge the different meanings of “advance”or “strike” in the following sentences:

1. The hunter advanced toward the bear carefully.

2. A month has passed but the project has not advanced.

3. He worked so well that his boss advanced him to a higher position.

4. The date of the meeting was advanced form June 10 to June

5. The boy struck the pig with a stick.

6. The workers were striking for higher pay.

7. Typhoon Swan struck Hainan, killing 20 people.

8. On New Year’s Eve, we waited for the clock to strike.

Task 2. Finish the exercises in the text.

Task 3. Talk about people and things using Attributive Clause

First, let students find out some words about things quickly like clock, homework, coat, chocolate, bat, flood, fire, etc from the exercise of word study and describe them as the following example: (pair work)

A clock is a machine that/ which tells time.

Second, let students find out some words about persons quickly such as teacher,

parents, doctor, mother, child, soldier and thief and describe them like this: (pair work)

A teacher is a person who/ that teachers you how to learn.

Third, finish Exercise 2 of Grammar orally. (individual work)

Task 1. Expanded reading

Read the following passage about fire and find out the Attributive Clauses in it and try to understand the use of the relative pronouns. (individual work)

The Great Fire of London that lasted four days started in the very early hours of 2nd September 1666, which destroyed over three-quarters of the old city. 100,000 people whose houses were wooden became homeless.

The fire began in the house of the King’s baker in Pudding Lane. The baker, who could not put out the fire, got out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the baker y into a small hotel next door, which ten spread quickly into Thames Street.

The next day nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Many people threw their things into the river. Many poor people whom nobody cared stayed in their houses until the last moment. The fire also destroyed many buildings which had a long history and were famous at home and abroad. The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroyed hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire.

1. Which of the following can be inferred to the main cause that made the fire spread so quickly?

A. The baker set the fire.

B. The baker’s house was made of wood.

C. Wooden houses were too close to each other.

D. The wind was so strong.

2. What would the King do after the fire?

A. Kill the baker.

B. Give the homeless some money.

C. Leave London.

D. Rebuild London.

Task 2. Finish Exercise 1 of Grammar. (individual work)

Task 3. Homework

Preview the next reading material and find out the Attributive Clauses with who, whom, that, which, whose, where and compound sentences with and, but.

人教版英语课件篇6

Period4 ReadingIII and Word Study

I Teaching Objectives:

1. Enable the students to learn more language points.

2. Enable the students to learn more words and one sentence pattern.

II Teaching Methods: translation and task-based teaching

III Key Points and Difficult Points:

Key Points: Enable the ss to some language points and new words.

Difficult Points: Enable the students to master a sentence pattern.

IV Teaching Aids: slide, radio

V Teaching Procedures:

Step1. Learn the language points in the rest paragraphs.

Activity1. Greeting and lead-in.

T: good afternoon, girls. Tomorrow is National Day, and you’ll have a golden week for holiday, right?

S: yes.

T: I see some of you have packed your luggage and are ready to go home. So are you very excited?

S: yes.

T: I’m very excited too, seven-day holiday! But, before the holiday, we must finish today’s work,right?

S: yes.

T: so please listen to me carefully for another 45 minutes, I’ll really appreciate your cooperation.

S; ok, yes.

T: thank you very much. Now, let’s begin our study. This morning we didn’t have time to deal with the last two paragraphs, so, now, let’s see it together.

Activity2. Language points.

Task1. paragraph 7

T: first, I want one of you to read this paragraph out. Who can?

S:….

T: good. When she is reading the other students please find how many attributive clauses in this paragraph and what are they. Are you clear?

S: yes.

T: ok. You can start now. despite the fact that……

S: ………….

T: your pronounciation and intonation are both very good. And you read fluently. Just good. Sit down, please. Ok, how many attributive clauses can you find?

S: 2,3,………….

T: is there an attributive clause in the first sentence?

S: no.

T: what about the second sentence? **, do you know?

S: ….. who use designs from nature when they….

T: good. And what does thin attributive clause modify? 这个从句修饰哪个词呢？先行词是什么？

S: other modern architects..

T: right. Very good. Sit down, please. And in the third sentence, which is the attributive clause? **, please?

S:…who built an art museum in New York……

T: good. 先行词是？

S: Frank Lloyd Wright.

T: yes. Right. Sit down, please. What about the last sentence? The whole class please answer me.

S: …..that people think of seashells…

T: good. 先行词呢？

S: another famous building.

T: great. I think most of you are very familiar with the attributive clause. Now, let’s see the first sentence. What does “despite” mean here?

S: 虽然，尽管

T: yes. Despite means尽管. It is a preposition. It must be followed by a noun. So in this sentense “the fact” is followed. Right?

S: yes.

T: then after the fact, there is a that-clause. What clause is it? It is not an attributive clause, you’ve just said. It is the content of the word “th fact” , right?

S: yes.

T: ok. We call this kind of clause appositive clause. Are you clear?

S: yes.

T: good. Ok, the next sentence. What does “in fact” mean?

S: 事实上

T: yes. Do you know another phrase that hai the same meaning with it?

S:………

T: it is as a matter of fact. It means the same thing. And it’s longer, right? When you are writing a composition you can add more words.

S: yes.

T: there’s another verb in this sentence that I should say something. Create, 创造。Do you remember another two verbs which have similar meanings? What’s English for 发明？

S: invent.

T: and what’s for 发现？

S: discover.

T: yes. We have three verbs now. invent, discover and create. Invent means 发明，指通过学习、思考或实验而发明了新的有用的物品。比如说，爱迪生发明了电灯。

How to translate this sentence?

S: ………….

T: Edison invented the light bulb. Ok, what about discover?

S: 发现

T: yes. 发现原本已经存在的事物。This is easy. Then what about create?

S: 创造

T: yes. Create 可用于创造抽象事物，也有培养的意思。

For example, Shakespeare created many famous characters. 莎士比亚创造了许多有名的人物。这里当然是说文学上抽象的人物，而不是具体的人，否则莎士比亚不成上帝了。Create也有培养的意思，培养社会主义新人，怎么说？

S: ……

T:….create new socialist men. Are you clear?

S: yes.

T: ok, now let’s move on. Look at the last sentence. Here is a phrase. What’s English for “使。。。想起”？

S: make sb think of

T: yes. This is the phrase of make +n.+do, 一般含有强制的意义 translate this sentence: 她要孩子们在吃东西前洗手。

S: ……..

T: yes. She made her children wash their hands before eating. Good. Ok, this is the 7th paraphgraph.

Task2. paragraph 8

T: Now let’s move on to the last paragraph. Also I want one of you to read this paragraph. I have asked you to read the whole passage so in this way I can check your homework and see if you have read the passage after class. Any volunteers?

S:……

T: good. I believe you have read the text after class.

S:…

T: very good. Your pronounciation and intonation are both excellent. Sit down, please. There are not many language points in thin para. Let’s translate it into chinese together. 北京奥林匹克体育场又是一个另人联想到大自然的设计。从顶上看，仿佛体育场覆盖着灰色的钢网。Here, many of tree branches is pastparticiple used as attributive and modify the word nest. 过去分词做定语修饰nest. As if means好象，仿佛 Let’s move on.鸟儿用松软的材料在树枝间搭建鸟巢. Here’s a phrase. Fill up … with…用。。。填满 how to say 用水填满这个杯子。

S: fill up the cup with water.

T: good. Fill up the cup with water. Right. Let’s move on. Just so,….与此相仿，体育场够家中的空间也将布满充气的大塑料袋。Here is a phrase, be filled with…这是被动语态，被。。。填满。Ok, the last sentence. Although….尽管体育场用钢筋水泥建造，但流畅的线条和圆形的结构使建筑物显锝温暖，另人感到亲切。

Task3. paragraph1

T: Well, so far, we have learned all the paragraphs except one, right? That’s the first para. I leave it to the last because it is the conclusion of the whole text . now let’s see the first para. there are 3 sentences in this paragraph and give us three points about archtecture. The first sentence, architecture looks at the man-made living environment. 建筑学所关注的是人造的生活环境. So what is man-made living environment? 什么是人造的生活环境呢？

S:….

T: opposite to man-made environment is the natural living environment, right?

S:….yes.

T: is there architecture in natural living environment?

S: no.

T: so architecture only exists in man-made living environment. Actually, the man-made living environment here just refers to cities. We can say that everthing in cities are more or less changed or made by man. Right?

S: yes.

T: so the first sentence tells us the point that architecture relates with cities. And the second sentence relates architecture with what?

S: culture.

T: yes. It says that architecture can express the culture of a country. We have said that the Temole of Heaven expresses the ancient belief of “heaven is round and earth is square” right?

S: yes.

T: ok, so what does the third sentence tell us?

S:….

T: it says that different architectures have different styles.

Task4. the whole passage.

T: Well, we have learned the content and the language points of the reading text. Now, listen to the tape , you can read the whole passage by yourself quietly and see if you have any questions.

(listen to the radio for 4 minutes and the teacher walks around the classroom)

t: do you have any questions?

S: no

T: ok. That’s all for our reading text. Please read it until you can read fluently after class by yourself. Now open your book to page 21. Let me see if you have finished your homework.

Step3. Word Study

Activity1. check the homwork.

(teacher walks around and check homework for about 1 minute)

T: well, I am glad to see most of you have done it and there’s only one or two ss haven’t. I hope these ss will deal with their homework carefully next time.

Activity2. Exercise1

T: now, I want one of you to give me the answers for exercise1.

S: ….

T: yes. Good. What’s the answers?

S: E,F, B, C, D, A

T: do you agree with her?

S: yes.

T: yes. I agree too. She’s right. Now, look at the blackboard, don’t look at your books. I give you the explanations and you give me the correct words. Ok?

S: yes.

T: well, not beautiful?

S: ugly.

T: easy to do and easy to reach

S: convenient

T: a person who designs buildings

S: architect

T: a shelter made by a bird to hold its eggs and young.

S: nest

T: the structure that covers or forms the top of a building

S: roof.

Activity3. Exercise2

T: very good. You have mastered the words indeed. Now let’s come to exercise2. there’s a sentence pattern. Let’s see the example first: a nest is to a bird what a house is to a man. 巢对于鸟而言就如房子对于人一样。鸟巢和房子的作用是一样的，都是躲避风雨、栖息的地方，对吗？

S: 是

T: 所以我们就把这样一种关系用what 连接起来 let’s see other groups of words

(write on the blackboard: ① honey-----bee milk--- cow) honey is to a bee what milk is to a cow. 蜂蜜对于蜜蜂而言就如牛奶对于奶牛一样。蜜蜂能产出蜂蜜，奶牛能产出牛奶，两者的关系也是一样的。Let’s see other examples: (② ____----nose taste-----tongue) what can be filled in this blank?

S: smell

T: yes. 鼻子的嗅觉与舌头的味觉 so how to say the whole sentence?

S: smell is to the nose what taste is to the tongue.

T: another one: (③ net---fisherman ____-----hunter) what can be filled in this blank?

S: gun.

T: yes. How to say the whole sentence?

S: net is to a fishierman what gun is to a hunter.

T: good. Can you make other sentences?

S: water is to fish what air is to man.

T: good sentence. Any more? I know you all have rich imaginations.

S: hair is to girls what ball is to boys

T: really? Maybe some boys don’t like balls and some girls like to have their hair cut. I’m sorry. Anything else?

S: fur is to animals what clothes is to man.

T: great. Ok, now, there are some sentences on the book. Let’s see it together on page 21, exercise2.

(check the answers)

Step4. Homework

T: ok, it’s time for our homework. You’ll have a long holiday, so the homework will be a little more. Please preview the grammar and finish exrcises on page 96 and 97 and do the exercise ont the exercise book A and B from unit1 to 3. See you. Have a happy holiday!

Blackboard work:

1. despite prep. 尽管

2. in fact=as a matter of fact A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.

3. invent 发明 Edison invented the ① honey-----bee milk----- cow

light bulb ② ____----nose taste-----tongue

discover 发现 ③ net---fisherman ____-----hunter

create 创造 create new socialist men

4. make+n.+ do 含有强制的意思

5. fill up…with 用。。。填满

人教版英语课件篇7

1. Patent 专利，有专利的

1）n.

get a ~ for

Obtain a ~ to protect an invention

It’s my ~. 这是我的专利发明。

2）adj.

～ drug / right 专利药物、专利权

2. Prepare

1) ~ sth. 侧重“准备：的动作本身

~ for sth.＝get ready for 侧重准备动作的目的

e.g. ~ a meal ~ for trouble

The teachers are preparing the examination questions.

The students are preparing for the examination.

2) prepare sb. Sth.

~ him a meal

3) ~ sb. For 使某人对某事有所准备

~ the students for an examination

~ yourself for a shock

4) be prepared for / to do sth.

The troops were being prepared for battle / to go into battle.

3. IQ: intelligence quotient EQ: emotional quotient

4. a matter of sth.是～的问题

e.g. ---- She is a fine signer.

---- That’s a matter of opinion.

It’s a matter of time before the rebels are srushed.

* A matter of life and death

5. limit

1) v. ~ sb./ sth. ( To sth )

Her childhood world was limited to the all-black parts of town.

She limited her conversation to ten minutes.

* limited company Longman Group Limited

2) n.

The speed limit is 70 mph.

There is a ~ to how much I’m prepared to spend.

He tried my patience to its limits.

Within limits

Without limit

6. allow

1) ~ sb. To do sth.

2) ~ for 在计算、估计时考虑到某人或某事

It will take you an hour to get to the station, allowing for the traffic delays.

7. reject

1) 拒绝接受

~ a gift / suggestion / the new heart

2) 抛弃、剔除

Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control. 在我们的质量检查中，不合格的产品将会被剔除。

3）refuse 和 reject 表示拒绝时的区别

Refuse 可用于拒绝请求、要求、邀请、帮助，可以接不定式

Reject不能用于拒绝邀请、帮助，不接不定式

8．Be/ get stuck (adj.) 困住，不能继续做某事

We were stuck in a traffic jam for an hour.

I’m stuck on the second question.

9. Otherwise

He reminded me of what I should ~ have forgotten.

We should have to hurry, ~, we shall miss the train.

10. invisible in direct in correct incomplete

11.as with : like

As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing this job.

12. attempt

1) v. ~ + n. / to do

The prisoners attempted an escape / to escape.

2) n. make an ~ to do sth.

13. be (well/ quite) aware of

Everyone is well aware of the importance of protecting wildlife.

14. trial and error 反复试验，从失败中找出解决的办法

Learn by trial and error

A scientist has to go through trial and error before he can succeed in discovering a new solution.

15. try to do（try your best to do） & try doing (尝试做)

Try knocking at the back door if nobody answers it at the front door.

16.now that: because of the fact that

Now that you mentioned it, I’d like to discuss it with you.

17. at a high pace = at (high) speed

Keep pace with

18. once一旦

Once you have made a decision, you should carry it out.

人教版英语课件篇8

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. be diagnosed with vt. 诊断疾病

The plastic surgeon diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease. 整形外科医生诊断出我的病是一种罕见的骨病。

The general practitioner diagnosed the illness of the baby as pneumonia. 全科医生把小儿的病诊断为肺炎。

2. suffer from 与suffer 区别

受苦；受难

She was suffering from a headache. 她正经受头痛之苦。

Many people suffer from a great dread of heights. 许多人非常畏高。

遭受（磨难）

to suffer death 丧生

The enemy forces suffered heavy casualties by their own admission. 敌军自己承认伤亡惨重。

3. depending on （常与on, upon连用）视情况而定

That depends. 视情形而定。

It all depends on how you tackle the problem. 那要看你如何应付这问题而定。

（常与on 连用）信任，信赖；需要

Can I depend on you? 我可以信任你吗？

I haven't a car, I have to depend on the buses. 我没有汽车，只能靠公共汽车。

4. thanks to 由于; 多亏, 因为

Camp meals are no great problem. Neither are beds, thanks to air mattresses and sleeping bags.

野营的饭食不是大问题，床也不是。多亏了空气垫和睡袋。

引申：常见的表示“因为”的词组：owing to, because of, on account of, as a result of, due to, for the reason of 等。

5. in time to do sth 赶得上做。。。

You are just in time to speak at the meeting.

6. prevent …from doing （常与from连用）阻止；制止；妨碍

We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything. 浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。

What prevented you from joining us last night? 昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

7. 对过去的虚拟

If I had had insurance, the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.

表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would（should, could, might）+have +过去分词”。例如：

If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.

8. aimed vt., vi. （常与at连用）瞄准；对准

He aimed with the gun. 他用枪瞄准。

She aimed a pistol at the bandit point-blank. 她用手枪直接瞄准强盗。

He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. 他用枪瞄准了敌军官。

以…为目标

I aim to be a lawyer. 我要当个律师。

He aimed to swim a mile. 他的目标是游一英里。

The factory must aim at developing new models of machines. 该工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。

n. 瞄准；对准

The hunter took aim at wolf. 猎手瞄准狼。

目标；目的

What is your aim in life? 你生活的目的是什么?

His aim was to swim a mile. 他的目标是游一英里。

The aim is not just to keep busy. 其目的不仅是为了使每个人不致闲着。

9. access to n. 进入；通道

There is no access to the street through that door. 穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。

The only access to that ancient castle is along a muddy track. 到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一条泥泞小路。

使用；接近

easy of access 易于接近

Students need access to books. 学生需要使用书本。

He gave me free access to his library. 他让我随意进他的藏书室

10 consult vt. 参考；查阅；咨询

I consulted George about buying a car. 我向乔治请教购买小汽车的事。

I must consult my principal on this matter. 这件事我必须与委托人商量一下。

（常与with连用）商量；请教

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

11. nor can they 看半倒装

1．在结果状语从句句型so …that …中，如果强调so…放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。

So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .

听到这个消息，她是如此激动，以致于一句话也说不出来。

2. only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒装。

Only in this way can we get in touch with them .

Only because he was ill was he absent from school .

注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。

Only Mr Wang knows about it .

3. 带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有： not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …rarely, little, hardly, nowhere, at no time, by no means, in no way, in/under no circumstances, in vain, much/even/still less, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when, not a single word, not a soul, not frequently, not longer, not often, not only…but also, not until…等。

Little did I think he was a spy . 我一点也没想到他是一个间谍。

Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .

No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .

Not only does radio enable people to send words, music, and codes to any part of the world, it can also be used to communicate far in to space.(TOEFL,1998.10/11)

We have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal affairs.(CET4,1999.6/60)

Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.(CET4,2000.6/23)

Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.

Nowhere was the lost car to be found.

4. 在虚拟语气中，倒装代替条件。

Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .

Were there no light , we could see nothing .

5. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。

May you succeed ! 祝你成功！ Long live France ! 法兰西万岁！

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

6．当比较和方式状语从句中主语不是人称代词时，常可在主语前添加与前面呼应的助动词或情态动词，构成倒装结构，例如：

Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain than do other animals. (TOEFL, 1994. 8/5)

He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.

Pure iron can not be hardened by heating and cooling as can steel, because iron lacks the necessary carbon. (TOEFL, 1999.10/13)

7．让步状语从句可引起倒装，例如：

Be he king or slave (=Whether he is a king or a slave), he ought to be punished

Come what may (=What may happen), we’re not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands

12. as was the case with Wang Lin 特殊的定语从句

13. warn 用法vt. （常与of, against连用）警告；提醒；告诫

She warned me about the dangerous road, so I crossed it carefully. 她提醒我这条马路很危险，因此我过马路小心翼翼。

（常与that连用）事先通知

The whistle warned visitors that the ship was ready to sail. 汽笛通知旅客船即将启航。

Integrating skills

1. as a result of , result from , result in

2. consider 用法 vt., vi. 考虑；思考

I am considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。

The court would not even consider his claim for the old man's legacy. 法庭根本不会考虑他所提出的对老人遗产的要求。

Let me consider. 让我考虑一下。

认为；以为

I consider it a great honor. 我认为这是极大的荣幸。

We consider that the driver is not to blame. 我们认为这不是司机的过错。

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

3. it was not until …that 强调句用法

It was not until I called her from behind that she found me.

在强调句型中，not until置于句首构成倒装句以及until放在句首时，均不能用till替换until。例如：

It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcast began.

直到1920年才开始有定期的无线电广播。

Notuntil12o”clock last night did Tom come back.（倒装句）

昨晚直到十二点汤姆才回来。

Until I was 20 I had never been away from my hometown.

我二十岁以前，从未离开过家乡。

4. search for

5. of even greater significance = significant

引申：常见类似结构还有：be of importance, be of necessity, be of value 等等。

6. despite prep. 不管；不顾；即使

Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday. 尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。

7. lack n. （常与of连用）缺乏；需要

There is no lack of vegetable. 蔬菜不缺。

The lack of rain aggravated the serious lack of food. “由于干旱少雨,缺粮问题更加严重。”

【词性变化】

lack vt. 缺乏；不足；没有

He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。

Owing to lack of time, we cannot do more than what we have done. 由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。

Their actions lack consistency; they say one thing and do another. “他们言行不一,说的是一回事,做的又是另一回事。”

短少；不足；需要

Something is lacking. 缺少点什么东西。

Is she lacking in courage? 她缺乏勇气吗?

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

8. when asked about his discovery…

分词做状语时，经常放在连词when, while, if , unless 之后。

If invited, I will go to attend the conference.

Unless paid special attention to, the orchid is hard to grow.

While doing sport, you lose the most calories.

When scolded by his boss, he remained silent.

9. 虚拟语气2

虚拟语气用于宾语从句

1). “wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:

I wish it were spring all the year round.

I wish you could go with us.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

2) 虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:

We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.

We insisted that they (should) go with us.

The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.

He demanded that we (should) start right away.

注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

(三)虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句

作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:

We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.

My idea is that we (should) exercises first．

(四)虚拟语气在 as if(as though)，even if( even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用．

如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时．例如：

He looked as if he were an artist.

He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England．

Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem．

(五)虚拟语气用于主语从句．

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：

It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that … we should clean

the room every day.

It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless．

It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)

that she should finish her homework this afternoon．

在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．

注意：这种从句表示的是事实．如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感．That从句也可用陈述语气，例如：

It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can’t swim．

(六)虚拟语气用于定语从句

这种从句常用在 It is( high) time( that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或 should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用 were)来表示，意为“(现在)该……”。例如：

It is ( high) time we left (should leave).

lt is high time we were going.

(七)虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中

If only I had taken his advice.

我要是听他的话就好了．

If only I were a bird．我如果是一只鸟就好了．

(八)虚拟语气在简单句中的应用

l)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：

It would be better for you not to stay up too late．

Would you be kind enough to open the door?

2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：

Would you like a cup of tea?

I would rather not tell you. You had better go now． 3)用“ may 十动词原形”表示“祝愿”、“但愿”． may须置于句首，例如：May you be happy! May you succeed!

人教版英语课件篇9

四年级英语下册第四单元教学设计

【教学目标】

1. 复习和会用所需学的“四会”单词和短语；

2.学会运用这节所需学的句型。

What’s wrong with + 人名?

He /She has …

He/She needs to…

【学习过程】

【课前准备】

一．认真复习上节课学习的内容，把你仍然还不懂或不会背的`记下来

二．跟读B部分句型，直到你能读出来。把不懂读的记录下来

三．语言点导学

A. What’s the matter with+ 人名？= What’s wrong with + 人名?

如：What’s ________ with Pat? Pat 怎么样了？She has a cold. 她感冒了。

=What’s ____ ______ with Pat? Pat 怎么样了？She has a cold. 她感冒了。

the matter = wrong

B．He has a fever. He needs to take some medicine. 因为he是第三人称单数,所以在表示一般现在时时，所以动词后要加“s”。

如： Tom runs to school everyday.

圈出正确的词

1. Mary （likes/like） playing the piano.

2. Peter (comb/combs) his hair once a day..

四．通过预习，你们还有哪些不懂得地方，请记录：

小组合作，与同学交流预习导学的主要内容。

1.读B1

2.交流语言点的理解。

3.选出同学来展示预习的成果。

【复习】

出示卡片让学生立刻说出单词或词组。

活动一：呈现.

1. 创设情景

让一个学生捂着肚子装痛，老师上前去问what’s wrong with you? 那个学生小声回答说I have a stomachache , 老师装着没听到，再问全班的同学说：“what’s wrong with … ” (把句子呈现在黑板上)引导学生回答he has a stomachache而不是have（写在黑板上）。老师再摸了一下他的额头对着学生说(表情很担心)he has a fever ,too.然后拿出医院的卡片问学生：“what does he need to do? 引导学生回答he needs to go to hospital and see the doctor.老师适当的带读几遍

2．放KOKO碟

幻灯片放Tim生病啦，KOKO正在拜访Tim.

教师说let’s see what’s wrong with Tim?

放一遍让学生跟着原声大声读

活动二：口语练习

通过下面口语练习，加强知识点的运用。

一．指导学生熟读以上句型后,再以四人小组为单位用以上句型进行对话练习.以帮助学生更为熟练地掌握所学句型.

二．课件展示图片进行对话练习。用句型：

What’s wrong with + 人名? / What’s the matter with+人名

He/She has …

He/She needs to…

通过对话, 你发现你会读错____ ______ _______ ________ .请多读几遍。

活动三：巩固练习. （听力练习）

一．听录音，填空。

What’s ________ with Tim?

He _______a stomachache. He _____ a fever, too.

He _____ ____ go to hospital.

二.听第2幅图并回答问题，锻炼学生的听和写。

What’s wrong with Pat?

What dose she need to do ?

三．做活动手册的P20 （让学生迅速打开活动手册）

(笔试练习)

一．小小翻译家

1.吃一些药________________ 2.去诊所_________________

3.去医院_______________ 4.肚子疼_________________

5.发烧________________ 6.头疼___________________

7.感冒____________________ 8.休息____________________

二．选择填空。

1.( ) Peter has a fever. He ________ have a rest.

A. nees B. need. C.needs to

知识点总结：一般现在时的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时,其动词的后面要加s

2.( )What’s the matter _____ Pat?

A. with B. on C.in

3.( )What’s _____ with Petert?

A. wrong B.the matter C.the wrong

4.( )What’s ______ with Petert?

A. wrong B.the matter C.the wrong

知识点总结：the matter =

What’s wrong with +人名？问别人怎么了？在人的前面用介词。

三．改错

1.My little brother have a fever now. _________________________

2.Peter is sick. He need to see a doctor. _______________________

3.What’s the wrong? You don’t look well. ______________________

4. Tim have a stomachache. ________________________________

5.What’s matter, Tim? ____________________________________

【当堂过关】

一．根据首字母填空。

1. What’s w_______ with Pam? She f_______ sick.

2. O_______ your mouth and say “ ah”.

3. These people are not f________ well.

4. What i_____ the matter with Tom?

5. Peter has a fever. He n_______ to have a rest.

6. I’m not very well. I must stay in b______.

二．根据中文补全对话。

1. 你应该吃药。 You _______ _______ some medicine.

2. 汤姆怎么了？ What’s _______ ______ Tom?

3. 他发烧了。 He _______ a _________.

4. Tim 得休息一下。Tim ________ to have a _________.

活动四：总结

当别人不舒服的时候，你应该怎么问别人?

活动五：作业

1.听录音B部分的内容2遍并背诵。

2.写出别人不舒服你该怎么问的情景对话。

人教版英语课件篇10

I．单元教学目标

技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about inventions

Practice describing inventions

Review the Attributive Clause

Write a process essay

II. 目标语言

功能句式

Ways of describing inventions

This invention can help people…

This is a new way of…

This new invention will make it possible for people to…

I think… is much more useful than…

It can make / help people…

I’d like to invent… because it can…

I’d like to invent… which can…

If people can create…

I suppose…

It must be very convenient if people could invent…

I dreamed I could invent…

Ways of asking questions about new inventions

What does it look like?

How does it work?

What’s it made of?

How would people use it?

Is there anything you would like to invent?

词汇

1. 四会词汇

vest, heel, patent, officer, petrol, background, reject, possibility, otherwise, connection, previous, aware, trial, rider, dusty, pilot, storage, glue, typewriter

2. 认读词汇

edible, flavour, laptop, inflatable, creative, rephrase, partial, perception, visible, Mozart, relativity, Samuel Morse, desktop, palmtop, Mona Lisa, Charles Chaplin, John Denver, Isaac Newton, Abraham Lincoln, Eve, Helen Keller, metaphor, paste, electronics, Eniac

3. 词组

allow for, get stuck, break away from, be aware of, trial and error, after all, keep track of

4. 重点词汇

vest, office, background, reject, possibility, otherwise, aware, allow for, get stuck, break away from, be aware of, after all, keep track of

语法

Review the Attributive Clause

1. a car that / which uses water instead of petrol

2. thinkers who have changed the world

3. a chip that / which makes it possible for us to see the future

4. a smart pen that / which automatically translates what we write into a foreign language

重点句子

1. These chopsticks are both delicious and environmentally friendly. P57

2. Creativity is not about getting high test scores, having a high IQ or being smart. P59

3. If we look only for the correct answer and reject ideas that do not pro vide a complete answer,

we may get stusk.. P59

4. As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of different attempts and several

false starts. Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and makes it

easier to discover new possibilities. P59

The 1st period Speaking

Step 1 Warming up

Give the students introductions of the three inventions from the textbook.

Step 2 Pre-speaking

Of all the 4 inventions, which do you think would be useful, why?

Use the following patterns to guide them:

I think… this invention can help people….

I think… is much more useful then …which we use now.

Some possible expressions:

I’d like to invent a ….

It can help people….

It must be very convenient if people could invent….

I dreamed I could invent….

Step 3 Speaking

Let the students read the passage and make them understand what they should do. To explain how the invention works and why it is useful.

Ask 5 groups to act their dialogue out in front of class.

Step 4 Summary

Ways of describing inventions:

This invention can help people …

This is a new way of…

This new invention will make it possible for people to…

I think … is much more useful than…

I can help/ make people…

I’d like to invent… because it can ,,,,

I’d like to invent… which can….

If people can create… I suppose…

It must be very convenient if people could invent…

I dreamed I could invent…

Ways of asking questions about new inventions:

What does it look like?

How does it work?

What’s it made of?

How would people use it?

Is there anything you would like to invent?

Step 4 Homework

1. Talking at p131

2. Write a short passage with the title “My ideal new invention”.

The 2nd Period Listening

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework, asking the students to come to the front to read out his or her essay outindividually.

Step 2 Listening

Dialogue 1& 2 on p58

Students are asked to read fast the questions and then listen to the tape twice to answer the questions.

Step 3 Discussion:

Think of some examples of new inventions that people were afraid of or can’t accept at first.

Step 4 Homework.

Listening (wb P130)

Preview the reading.

The 3rd Period Reading

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework and then ask if they have some ideas of inventing some useful things to improve our life.

Step 2 Pre-reading

Do the ex on p59

Step 3 while-reading

Main idea of each para:

Para 1. By thinking about the way we think and practicing good thinking strategies, we can become more creative.

Para 2. To “ think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem.

Para 3. Good solutions and new ideas are often the result of a change in perception.

Para 4. Every new thought or idea has to be connected to what we already know.

Para 5. Good ideas are the result of a long process of trial and error.

Step 4 Language focuses:

Deal with some language points if possible:

Trial-try

Application-apply

Produce-production

Inspiration-inspire

Fail-failure

Deep-depth

Possible-possibility

Connect-connection

Awareness-aware

Step 5 Post-reading:

Listen to the tape and then finish the post-reading Ex on p60.

Step 4 Homework

Find out some sentences with the Attributive Clause.

Preparations: Language Study on p 61.

The 4th Period Grammar

Step 1 Revision

Dictate some phrases and sentences:

Be tired of, break away from, allow for, get stuck

Partial solutions, and even failures, give us more information and clues that help us move forwards a better solution.

By looking at a problem in as many as possible, creative thinkers can find solutions that would otherwise remain invisible.

Step 2 Grammar

Do some exercises about the Attributive Clause:

Step 3 Practice:

Finish the exercises on P61, checking the answers orally.

Step 4 Homework

Ex 2&3 on p133

Go over the reading on p133

The 5th Period Extensive reading

Step 1

Check the homework (Ex2&3 on p133)

Step 2 Listening and Fast reading

Play the tape and ask students to listen to the tape and complete the following chart:

Invention Possible uses

Invisible paint 1.________; 2.________

Step 3 Intensive reading

Read for the second time, and then answer the questions:

Then deal with some language points if necessary.

Step 6 Homework

Review what we’ve learned in this period and preview the Reading and Writing on p62.

The 6th Period Writing

Step 1 revision

Step 2 Pre-writing

Ask the students to read the text All in the Mind: Scientific Metaphors? And then finish the chart on the below.

Step 3 Writing

Try to write an essay using the information given on P64.

Read some sample essays and give comments on them.

Step 4 Homework

To summarize what we’ve learnt in this unit.

Read the Strategies given on P64 to see if you can use these tips to improve your English-learning.

人教版英语课件篇11

全面扫描

类别新课标要求

重

点

单

词 advertise advertiser consideration charge loss blame broadcast post react annoying accuse associate frequent figure salesman saleswoman profit campaign policy illegal target nowadays nephew waitress hostess bridegroom attach discount bonus quit flu circumstance assessment survival biscuit goat flour nail razor bedding beyond ox frontier salty pond burden desperate beast accustomed thirst starvation anxiety shallow tax anniversary granddaughter throat relief catastrophe deliver Arctic tough sculpture quilt packet ray bark memorial retell

重

点

短

语

1. hand in hand 手拉手；密切相关地

2. take…into consideration 考虑某事

3. appeal to 呼吁；上诉；有吸引力

4. accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控（某人）

5. get across 传播；使……被理解

6. keep an eye out for… 留心某人或某事

7. associate with 把……联想起来

8. common sense 常识；情理

9. make sense 有意义；有道理

10. attach to 系，贴，固定，重视

11. react to 与……起反应

12. make millions 赚大钱

13. in charge of 负责

14. think twice 三思；认真思考

15. be to blame for 应受谴责；应承担责任

16. at stake 在危险中

17. be hard on 对…刻薄；使…难堪

18. make complaints 抱怨

19. be armed with 以……武装；装备

20. come to an end 结束；终止

21. be accustomed to习惯于；有……的习惯

22. set off for 动身；开始跑

23. go for 设法得到；努力获取

24. front page news 头条新闻

25. in anxiety of 渴望

26. keep up 保持；维持；继续

27. take a close look at oneself

好好反省自己

28. tie up 系；拴；捆

30. take it easy 别着急，别紧张

语

法 1. 复习宾语补足语

2. 复习定语

重

点

句

型

1. Thus, instead of selling them the product, the ads sometimes seem to be selling them what money cannot buy: love, happiness and success. 因此，广告推销给消费者的有时候看起来不是商品，而是用钱买不到的东西：爱心、快乐和成功。

2. It has been proven again and again that frequent advertising increases product sales. 一再证明，经常做广告会增加产品的销售额。

3. It was not easy to decide what to take and what to leave behind. 很难取舍什么东西要带走，什么东西要留下。

4. We had no choice but to pray for God’s mercy, wondering when the long drive would come to an end. 不知道什么时候才能结束这长途跋涉，除了祈求上帝的怜悯我们别无选择。

5. If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient. 如果不治疗，就会产生一种剧烈的毒素，使病人死亡。

6. Every minute counts! 分秒必争

重点突破

1. People react to advertisements in different ways.

react vi. 反应，反抗；vt. (指物质) 起化学反应

常见的搭配有：

react to sb. /sth. 对……做出反应（回应）

react against sb. /sth. 反对，对抗某人/某事

react with sth. 与……起化学反应

react on sth 对……有影响；使事物产生变化

【能力拓展】

根据中文选词填空：

⑴Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. 尽管声音听得很清楚，但我还是过了好一会儿才做出反应。

⑵The students didn’t react to his proposal. 学生们对他的提议没做出反应。

⑶Didn’t the people there react against the aggressor?

那儿的人们难道不反抗侵略者吗？

2. annoy vt. 使烦恼；使恼怒

I was annoyed with him as he kept interrupting. 他不停地插话，真让我烦透了。

Nothing could have been more annoying than his coming late. 没有什么比他迟到更让人心烦的了。

【温故知新】

be annoyed with/at/by… 因…而生气、烦恼

be annoyed 后还可以接不定式短语和that从句。

He was annoyed that I went to the cinema without him.

我看电影没有邀他，他在生气。

I was annoyed to find he broke my cup. 他打破了我的茶杯，让我很不舒服。

annoying 描述被修饰词的特点，annoyed 常描述人的感受。类似的动词还有：interest, excite, please, move, satisfy, frighten, surprise, astonish 等。

【点击高考】

⑴_____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.

A. Surprising B. Surprised (2006全国I)

C. Being surprised D. To be surprising

【题解】由题中happy可知，空白处需一个与之相称的形容词一起来做状语，只有surprised 可形容Tony 此时的心情。C是现在分词强调动作的进行。D 为不定式强调动作将要发生。故答案选B。

⑵A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ____. (2006天津)

A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying

C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied

【题解】选A。空白处需要一个主语补足语来补充“the reader”的感受。题意为：一个好的故事不一定得有一个好的结尾，但务必得让读者感到满意。

⑶-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

-Yes, I’ve never been to ____one before. (四川)

A. a more excited B. the most excited

C. a more exciting D. the most exciting

[题解]选C。此题中用one代替party, 但并不是前句中的“party”,所以用不定冠词a；用exciting，是因为此处要对party进行描述。另外，题意为“ 我以前还从未参加过比这更让人激动的晚会”，用比较级，但表达了一个“最高级”的含义。

3. On the other hand, critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to….

accuse vt. 控告；谴责

常有的搭配：

accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控(责)某人…

He was accused of being a spy. 他被指控为间谍。

The soldiers were accused of running away when the enemy attacked. 敌人来袭士兵临阵脱逃，那可是犯罪。

类似的词组还有：

charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控

blame sb. for (doing) sth. 责备

4. …advertisers must work hard to get their message across.

get across 传播，被理解，（把…）讲清楚

以下是get短语的归纳:

get about 到处走动,（消息）传开

get above 超过，克服

get along /on ( with sb /sth) 相处；进展

get away 逃脱；离开

get back 取回；带回

get by 通过；走过

get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做…

get in touch with sb 与…联系；接触

get rid of 除掉；摆脱

get round 传开；避开；争取（某人）

get through 接通（电话）；通过（考试）

【点击高考】

⑴There are a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get_____. (2006全国Ⅱ)

A. between B. through C. across D. beyond

【题解】题意是“门边站着那么多人，小女孩没法通过”。据题意，选B。

⑵-How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? (2006重庆)

-Well，I____ somehow.

A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off

【题解】A．固定短语意义辨析。get along 这个短语除了我们熟悉的“进展，相处”外，另一很重要的意义是manage to work, 系一不及物词组；根据题意：没有助手，我一个人想办法对付着干。

⑶-The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.

-Don't worry. We have already ____two thirds of it.

(2006四川)

A. got down B. got through C. given away D. given in

【题解】本题考查动词短语的含义。get down（从）…下来，吞下，使沮丧；get through：到达，做完，通过，打通；give in：投降，屈服，让步；give away：送掉，分发，泄漏。根据题干理解B项正确。

5. There are many things we need to take into consideration before we buy an expensive products,...

take sth. into consideration (=take sth. into account)

考虑某事物

We will take your proposal into consideration. 我们会把你的建议纳入考虑范围。

与之相关的词组还有：

in consideration of 考虑到，由于；作为…的酬劳

have/leave sth. out of consideration 对…不予考虑，忽视某事

on (under) no consideration 决不

【能力拓展】

根据中文意思补充下面句子，使之完整：

⑴I have to take my income into consideration when buying a car. 我买车时必须要把我的收入考虑在内。

⑵In consideration of his age, I won’t let my grandpa go there alone. 考虑到年纪，我不会让我爷爷独自去那儿。

⑶Their proposals are still under no consideration.

他们的建议仍然不在考虑范围之内。

6. Armed with facts and figures, customers are better…

过去分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语customers。

arm sb. with sth.: 用…来装备（武装）某人

A few angry young men armed themselves with sticks and stones. 几个愤怒的年轻人拿棍子和石块作武器。

【温故知新】

⑴Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. 装备有新设备，搜索小组进入山洞寻找掩埋的财宝。

⑵She arrived at the interview armed with lists of projects.

她带着几个项目前去面试。

【点击高考】

⑴____with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川)

A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face

【题解】句意为“面临如此多的麻烦，我们没能按时完成任务”。根据句子结构，先排除B，没有连词；根据动作发生的时间，也排除C、D，因为“facing”现在分词表示进行，“to face”表示目的；故选A.

⑵Faced with a bill for ＄10,000,______. (2006陕西)

A. John has taken an extra job

B. the boss has given john an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken

D. an extra job has been given to John

【题解】本题考查考生非谓语形式过去分词和句子主语之间的逻辑关系，只有“人”才能面对，可排除C、D项，B项明显与题意不合。答案为A。

⑶_____in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (2005湖南)

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

【题解】句意：他穿着白制服看上去与其说象大夫不如说象厨师。本题测试be dressed in表状态用法，A项正确。

⑷____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (2005江苏)

A. Losing B. Lost C. Being lost D. Having lost

【题解】“失踪”用be lost；本题测试be lost表状态用法。B项正确。

⑸ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. (2005北京春)

A. To face B. Facing C. Faced D. Having faced

【题解】句意：面对这困难处境……，本题测试be faced with…(面对)表状态用法。C项正确。

7. A good ad often uses words to which people attach positive meanings. 一条好的广告常用能引起人们正面联想的词语。

attach vt. 系；贴；附加；认为有（重要性）

常有以下搭配：

attach sth. to sth. 把…系到（贴到）…上

attach oneself/sb. to sb. /sth. 加入；使隶属于

be attached to sb. /sth. 依附于；依恋于

【能力拓展】

根据句后的汉语完成下列句子。

⑴Would you attach a stamp to the envelop and mail it? 请帮我把信封贴上邮票然后寄出去好吗？

⑵The middle school attached to that university is very famous. 那所大学的附属中学很有名气。

⑶We’re grown very attached to this city and would hate to leave. 我们十分留恋这座城市，真不愿离开。

8. Thus，instead of selling them the product, the ads sometimes seem to be selling them what money cannot buy: love, happiness and success. 因此，广告推销给消费者的有时候看起来不是商品，而是用钱买不到的东西：爱心、快乐和成功。

to be selling 不定式的进行式

如果谓语动词的动作(状态)发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，不定式要用进行式，主要用作：

1）某些及物动词的宾语：

He pretended to be listening attentively. 他假装专心听讲的样子。

2）某些及物动词后构成宾语补足语：

Of course we should like everything to be going smoothly. 当然我们愿意一切都进行得很顺利。

3）用作主语：

It’s nice of you to be thinking of us. 难为你在想着我们。

4）用作状语：

I’m glad to be working with you. 很高兴与你一道工作。

【能力拓展】

将下列复合句转换成简单句：

⑴It is said that they are building another bridge across the river.→They are said to be building another bridge across the river.

⑵It seems that they are getting along quite well.→They seem to be getting along quite well.

⑶We didn’t expect that you were waiting for us here.→

We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.

⑷He pretended he was reading an important paper when the boss entered.→He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered.

⑸It is not likely that they are working out of doors in such weather. →They are not likely to be working out of doors in such weather.

9. It has been proven again and again that frequent advertising increases product sales. 一再证明，经常做广告会增加产品的销售额。

It is＋及物动词的过去分词＋that从句是一常见句型，常见及物动词的过去分词有：said, told, known, reported, recorded, thought, believed, considered等。

【能力拓展】

根据括号内的汉语完成下列句子

⑴It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. （中国又发射了另一颗人造地球卫星进入轨道。）

⑵It is said that this examination is a real challenge. (这次

考试是一次真正的挑战。)

⑶It is thought that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education. (作为娱乐和教育来设计的。)

⑷It has been proven again that each successful teacher has a way of his own.（每一个成功的教师都有他自己独特的方式。）

10．This account of the wonderful land beyond the Rocky Mountains gave him the idea to move there.

beyond prep. 在…的那边；超出 adv. 在更远处

【温故知新】

（1）学习以下例句：

a. My friend, Tom, lives beyond the lake. 我的朋友汤

姆住在湖那边。

b. Our teacher arrived beyond ten o’clock. 我们老师过了十点才到。

c. If the work is beyond my teacher, it is beyond me. 如果我的老师干不了这工作，那我也干不了。

（2）beyond的常用搭配：

beyond belief 难以置信

beyond compare 无与伦比的，不可及的

beyond description 无法形容

beyond hope 没希望的，绝望的

beyond one’s reach 够不着

beyond words 无法用言语表达

【点击高考】

⑴-Can he take charge of the computer company?

-I’m afraid it’s _____his ability. (2006四川)

A. beyond B. within C. of D. to

【题解】选A。题意为“恐怕他能力不够吧”。只有beyond有超出(他能力)的含义。

⑵Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _____the visiting hours. (2006福建)

A. during B. at C. beyond D. before

【题解】选C。题意为“对不起，夫人。因为已超过了访问时间，你最好明天来”。

⑶It’s quite me why such things have been allowed to happen. （2006安徽）

A. for B. behind C. against D. beyond

【题解】介词固定搭配。be beyond sb=be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or calculate.句意：我很不解的是为什么这些事能被允许发生。D项正确。

11. …we entered the desert and soon lost our way.

lose one’s way 迷路

【温故知新】

与lose搭配的短语还有：

lose one’s appetite 没胃口，食欲减退

lose one’s balance 失去平衡；心慌意乱

lose one’s breath 喘不过气来

lose one’s spirit 垂头丧气

lose one’s temper 发脾气

lose one’s heart to sb 爱上某人

lose heart 失望，灰心，丧失勇气

12. …and their tongues hung out in desperate need of water.

desperate adj. 绝望的；极严重的；拼命的

The country is in a desperate state after the war. 这场战

争之后，这个国家处于非常危急的困境。

He’s desperate to pass the college entrance examinations. 他极度渴望通过高考。

The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.

在沙漠中迷失方向的人最渴望的是水。

Desperate situations demand desperate remedies.

（谚语）绝境要用绝招。

【温故知新】

hopeless adj. 是指不抱有任何希望而甘愿忍受可能发生的一切。

desperate adj. 是指因绝望而不顾一切，铤而走险。

desperation n . 强调因绝望导致的自暴自弃。

despair n.. 只是绝望、失望，不强调产生的后果。

【能力拓展】

用恰当的词填空：

⑴In desperation he robbed a bank. 绝望中他抢了银行。

⑵In despair he gave up the struggle. 他绝望地放弃了斗争。

⑶The prisoners grew more desperate. 囚徒们在绝望中更不顾死活了。

⑷It’s hopeless trying to persuade him to study hard. 想劝他努力学习是没有指望的。

13. For many weeks we had been accustomed to seeing horses and oxen suffering from heat, thirst, and starvation.

accustomed adj.习惯的，通常的。

由accustomed sb. to (doing) sth. 而产生的be accustomed to (doing) sth. ，和be used to （doing）sth. 同义，但比be used to 正式。其中，除了be动词外，还可用get，become，grow等系动词。

I am accustomed to this new way of life. 我习惯了这种新的生活方式。

He soon got accustomed to working at night. 他很快就习惯上晚班了。

I'm not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise. 我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。

14. In anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped to look or help.

anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；焦虑；渴望；热望

He was ill and his parents were waiting with anxiety for the doctor to arrive. 他病了，父母亲焦急地等着医生的到来。

She was praised for her anxiety for knowledge. 她因渴望知识而受到表扬。

常用的词组有：

In anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped to look or help. （渴望）

He was waiting for his brother's return with anxiety.

他焦虑地等着兄弟归来。（焦急地）

【温故知新】

anxiety的形容词是anxious，焦急的，发愁的

词组有： be anxious about/for 为……担忧

be anxious for 渴望得到

eager是其同义词，更强调对成功的渴望，含有积极的意义，而anxious强调“担心、忧虑”，对结果感到不安。

【能力拓展】

用eager、anxiety和anxious填空：

⑴We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety.

我们等待着消息，越来越着急。

⑵I’m very anxious about my son’s health. 我非常担心儿子的健康。

⑶We are all anxious/eager to meet you.我们都渴望见你。

⑷He is eager to do that interesting work. 他急于想做那

件有趣的工作。

⑸She is eager to go to college, but anxious about not passing the college entrance examinations. 她渴望上大学，但是又担心高考通不过。

15. If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison. 如果不治疗，它就会产生一种剧烈的毒素。

当分词作状语表示时间、条件、让步、或方式时，可以在分词前加上相应的连词，也可以看成是省略了主语和部分谓语的省略句。在状语从句中，当主从句的主语一致且谓语中含有系动词或助动词be时，从句的主语和be就可省略。

【点击高考】

⑴When _____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江)

A. compared B. being compared

C. comparing D. having compared

【题解】本题考查现在分词和过去分词区别.本句的主语是we, 当when 引导的从句的主语与句子的主语一致时,可以用When we are comparing different cultures省略形式。

⑵When____ help, one often says “ Thank you. ” or “It’s

kind of you. ” （2005福建）

A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered

【题解】选D。题意为“当一个人得到帮助时，他常会说“谢谢”或者“你真好”。状语为“when one is offered help”。

⑶____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2004湖北）

A. Compare B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared

【题解】D。句子主语ocean与compare存在逻辑上的被

动关系，故用过去分词。如不省略，状语应为：“When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth,…”。

⑷When first to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004 全国Ⅱ)

A. introducing B. introduced

C. introduce D. being introduced

【题解】B。题意为“当这些产品首次上市，就获得了巨

大的成功”。状语可以扩展为从句“when they were first

introduced ……”，其中“they”就是“these products”。

⑸Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. （上海春）

A. invited B. inviting

C. being invited D. having invited

【题解】A非谓语动词考查，在逻辑上you与invited存在被动关系, 需用过去分词。Unless invited是状语从句Unless you are invited to speak的省略。

⑹When , the museum will be open to the public next year. （2002上海春）

A. completed B. completing

C. being completed D. to be completed

【题解】A非谓语动词考查，在逻辑上the museum与completed存在被动关系，需用过去分词。when completed是状语从句when the museum is completed的省略。

16. We had no choice but to pray for God’s mercy, wondering when the long drive would come to an end. 不知道什么时候才能结束这长途跋涉，除了祈求上帝的怜悯我们别无选择。

but除了做连词用外还可以做介词用，意为“除……以外”,可接动词不定式。

I had no alternative but to walk out.

除了退出我别无选择。

He wanted nothing but to stay there.

除了呆在这里他什么也不需要。

但do nothing but…；…nothing but…后接原型动词。

He did nothing but complain. 除了抱怨他什么也不做。

There seemed nothing else to do but send for the doctor.

除了派人去请医生外似乎无计可施。

Yesterday I had nothing to do but stay at home all day. 昨天，我除了整天呆在家里外，无事可做。

17. 语法扫描

A. Review the Object Complement

⑴补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征，使主语或宾语在意义上更加完整。一些使役动词、感官类动词以及介词with都常带宾语补足语。宾补通常由名词、形容词、代词、数词、副词以及不定式、分词、介词短语等充当，宾补一般放在宾语之后。

⑵当不定式和分词作宾补时，要特别注意宾语和补语间的逻辑关系。相对谓语动词来讲，不定式表示动作的全过程，动作即将发生或业已发生；而现在分词表示动作正在进行中，还没结束，且和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词作宾补表示宾语和补语呈逻辑动宾关系，且过去分词的逻辑主语一般不是句子的主语。

B. Review the Attribute

定语是用来说明名词或代词的品质和特征的词。

⑴可以作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句等。

⑵定语的位置一般比较固定。单个词一般位于所修饰词前；短语或从句作定语，一般放在所修饰词的后面。

⑶定语从句有限制性和非限制性之分。限制性定语从句是被修饰词不可或缺的定语；而非限制性定语从句只是对被修饰词的一种补充说明，并非必不可少，常用逗号将两者分开。

【能力拓展】

在下列句子中的宾补和定语下面划线：

⑴We all made him chairman of our meeting. 我们一致选他当会议主席。（名词作宾补。当表示职务、官衔的词作宾补时，要省略冠词。）

⑵I found it hard to study English. （形容词作宾补。it常带不定式、动名词和从句作形式宾语。）

⑶My teacher asked me to answer his question tomorrow. （不定式短语作宾补。）

⑷The old man had the fire burning all night. （现在分词作宾补）

⑸I’ll have my radio repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我

将请人修一下我的收音机。（过去分词作宾补）

⑹Last night, I fell asleep with the light on. 昨晚我睡着了，灯也没关。（副词作宾补）

⑺This is a beautiful school. （形容词作定语）

⑻These women teachers are very kind. （名词作定语。名词作定语时，一般用单数。但是：a. woman, man作定语时，随着所修饰词的单复数变化而变化；b. 某些常用复数的名词作定语时，仍须用复数。如：a clothes shop服装店, sales department营业部，arms production武器生产。）

⑼Your suggestion is valuable for me. (代词作定语)

⑽On my way home, I met an old friend. （副词作定语。副词作定语一般要后置。）

⑾The swimming pool in our school is always full of people in summer. （动名词作定语。动名词作定语用来说明所修饰词的功能与作用。）

⑿The book whose cover is red was bought yesterday. （句子作定语，即定语从句。引导定语从句的连词有关系代词which, that, who, whom, whose, as和关系副词when, where, why。）

【点击高考】

⑴－It’s a top secret.

－Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ____you and me.

(2006上海)

A. with B. around C. among D. between

【题解】选D介词短语作宾补。在“你、我之间”用between。

⑵In the dream Peter saw himself ____by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (2006上海春)

A. chased B. to be chased

C. be chased D. having been chased

【题解】选A。过去分词作宾补。题意：在梦中，彼得发现自己被一匹恶狼追赶，他猛然惊醒。

⑶I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ____.

(2005北京)

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

【题解】选A。现在分词作with的宾语补足语。noise与go on间是主谓关系，动作又在进行中，故用现在分词。B、C是谓语动词；D是不定式，指将来，都不合题意。

⑷In an hour, we can travel to places____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海)

A. where B. when C. which D. what

【题解】选C。从句作定语。关系代词which代替先行词places在从句中做主语。题意：再过一小时，我们就能到我们祖先过去要花数日才能抵达的地方了。

⑸The disc, digitally ____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2004上海)

A. recorded B. recording

C. to be recorded D. having recorded

【题解】选A过去分词短语作定语。唱片已被录制完成，故不用现在分词或不定式。题意：用数码技术在录音棚录制的这张唱片，那晚在晚会上听起来就象天籁之音。实战演练

I. 单项填空

( )1. We were at ____loss when ____ word came that our team lost the game again.

A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. /; /

【题解】选A at a loss 不知所措；word作“消息”时，不需冠词；that从句是word的同位语。

( )2. Does she say anything that ____ you especially?

A. appeals to B. interests to

C. reacts to D. satisfies with

【题解】选A appeal to 激发……的感情。

( )3. At class I have to shout ____ by all of you.

A. making myself hear B. to make myself hear

C. making myself heard D. to make myself heard

【题解】选D 据句意，此处应用不定式短语作目的状语；过去分词heard作myself的补语，“让自己被听到”。

( )4. When people think of “Haier”，they always ____it with good quality.

A. associate B. advertise C. combine D. trade

【题解】选A。associate...with把…与…联系起来；advertise做广告；combine...with把…与…结合起来；trade with与…做买卖。

( )5. They sell the sweater ____ a discount of 30 percent.

A. on B. for C. at D. with

【题解】选C。“按……折扣”用at a discount of。

( )6. ____ your step, Peter, or you might fall into the water.

A. Look out B. Watch C. Take D. Notice

【题解】选B。look out不能直接接名词，要加for才行；Watch your step! 留神脚下！Watch one’s step走路小心，讲话/做事谨慎。

( )7.The ____of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.

A. relief B. relax C. release D. ease

【题解】选A。relief舒缓、解放；relax v. 放松、松懈；release n.发行、放出；ease n.舒适、悠闲、不费力。

( )8. What’s your ___of her chances of passing the exam?

A. assessment B. calculation

C. figure D. impression

【题解】选A。assessment评价，估计；calculation计算；figure数字，人物；impression印象。题意：你估计她通过考试的机会有多大？

( )9. I work in a business ____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

【题解】选C。where引导的定语从句。关系副词where代替先行词business在从句中充当地点状语。先行词 business不表示生意而是“公司；企业”的意思。

( )10. The two countries finally ____ about import taxes on bedroom furniture.

A. came to end B. came to a conclusion

C. came to an agreement D. came to a understanding

【题解】选C，“达成一致协议”。A为“结束”；B为“得出结论”；D为“更好的理解”。

( )11. I lost the pen I had planned to have ___in the shop.

A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair

【题解】选B，过去分词作宾补。have 是使役动词，其宾语是省略了的关系代词which或that。题意：我弄丢了原计划在这家店子请人修理的那支笔。

( )12. He ____ her when he met her for the first time.

A. lost his heart to B. lost heart

C. put his heart to D. set his heart to

【题解】选A，爱上某人。B为“失去信心，气馁”；C为“用全部精力去做…”；D为“下决心去做”。

( )13. His visits became less ____ as time passed.

A. often B. usual C. frequent D. frequently

【题解】选C。形容词作表语，强调动作的重复频率；often虽也强调经常性，但具体时间意味不强；usual是通常的，一向的，平常的意思。题意为：随着时间的推移，他的到访不那么频繁了。

( )14. How much would you ____ for repairing my car?

A. spend B. cost C. charge D. pay

【题解】选C。charge表“收费”，即：帮我修车，你会收费多少？

( )15. I was given three books on cooking, the first ____ I really enjoyed.

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

【题解】选B。which代替three books,引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词that不能和介词连用，且不引导非限制性定语从句。题意：我得了三本有关烹饪的书，其中第一本是我所喜欢的。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

When I arrived at the address he gave, I saw a fat lady leaving the building. I told her I was a private 1 and asked her about Alfred. A tall man 2 me into the building. She said he was Mr. Alfred. But I 3 him as Penny Quail. I followed him into the building and ran up the 4 to apartment 202. I rang the doorbell, 3 5 answered and the middle of the door had 3 bullet holes in it. I 6 the door and the lock broke.

As I ran into the room, I saw Quail and a woman struggling on the floor. The woman was Audrey Gatewood, gun in hand. I grabbed(夺取)it saying, “That’s 7 ! Get up.” Quail sat down in a chair 8 trying to catch his breath, but the woman stood in the center of the room. “You are just 9 I didn’t shoot you.” She said angrily, “How did you 10 the truth?”

“In several 11 .” I answered. “First, one of your friends said she 12 you on Market Street between 8:15 and 8:45 the night you disappeared. But the 13 on the letter to your father read 8:00 pm. Quail should have waited longer 14 mailing the letter. When you didn’t come home after the money was 15 , I had an idea you kidnapped(绑架)yourself, then I thought you would need to buy clothing. You left home that night just to take a walk 16 and couldn’t bring a 17 full of clothing with you. I knew you had a man helping you. I thought 18 the man would buy what you needed. He did but had the store 19 the clothing to this place. That’s how I knew where to find you.”

Gatewood met his daughter at the police station. I could see the 20 they had for each other, not a very happy reunion(团聚).

( )1 A. detective B. representative

C. guard D. lawyer

( )2 A. agreed with B. called for

C. got away from D. walked past

( )3 A. treated B. considered

C. recognized D. employed

( )4 A. roof B. stairs C. surface D. balcony

( )5 A. attacks B. murders

C. gunshots D. explosions

( )6 A. kicked at B. knocked at

C. pointed at D. stared at

( )7 A . right B. enough C. wonderful D. great

( )8 A. as well B. straight away

C. as usual D. on time

( )9 A . miserable B. intelligent

C. hopeful D. fortunate

( )10 A. tell B. prove C. utilize D. discover

( )11 A. languages B. directions

C. ways D. moods

( )12 A. mentioned B. saw

C. interrupted D. inspected

( )13 A . postmark B. address

C. mark D. handwriting

( )14 A .after B. without C. during D. before

( )15 A . withdrew B. wasted

C. paid D. refused

( )16 A. by accident B. with care

C. after all D. all the time

( )17 A. box B. purse C. suitcase D. packet

( )18 A. therefore B. perhaps C. indeed D. thus

( )19 A. drive B. deliver C. transport D. send

( )20 A. shame B. regret C. attention D. hate

【题解】

1. A 从下文可得知I应是一“侦探”。

2. D “经过”。

3. C 从侦探的角度理解只能是“认出”。

4. B 从apartment 202理解，应该是上“楼梯”。

5. C 从3 bullet holes理解，应该是三声“枪响”。

6. A 从上文枪响后当然是“踢门”。

7. B 从上下文理解“够了”。

8. B 与上文get up呼应“立刻、马上”……。

9. D 没击中，“幸运”。

10. D “察觉”真相。

11. C “方式、方法”

12. B “看见、见到”。

13. A 在信封上能见到时间只能是“邮戳”。

14. D 从上文between 8:15 and 8:45理解，当然是before。

15. C 从上下文理解应是“交赎金”。

16. A “偶然”。

17. C “手提箱”

18. B “也许”C项语气太强。

19. D 让人“送”

20. D 从上文可得知Audrey Gatewood自己绑架了自己，父女的关系当然紧张对立

Ⅲ．阅读理解

The Daily Mail Offer Director’s Chairs

TELEPHONE YOUR ORDER ON 01509 638620

For much of this century, the director’s chair has been regarded as the most suitable chair for home and garden. Lightweight and easy to carry when folded; it is quite comfortable and certainly has a special style of its own.

Our chairs have an unusually supportive, one-piece seat and back, which makes them look smarter than most, and a coordinating hardwood frame (框架). Available（可买到的）in A (green seat with green frame) or B (natural colored seat with stained wood frame) they are on offer for only $24.95 each, or buy two of the same color for $44.90 and save $5.

You can telephone your order, giving your MasterCard/ Visa number on 01509 638620(24 hours a day, seven days a week).

PLEASE allow up to 14 days for delivery from receipt of order. Price will be paid back if item is returned within 14 days of receipt.

Post to Daily Mail Director’s Chairs Offer L2259,

Belton Road West, Loughborough, Leics LE11 5XL.

Please send me:

…………………………….Director’s chair(s)

L2259/J015 at $24.95 each.

…………………………….x2 Director’s chairs

L2259/S262 at $44.90

Color(s): A…………..; B…………...

Name:…………………………………

(Please include title and initials)

Address：…………………………………

Postcode：………………………………

I enclose a crossed cheque payable to Daily Mail Offers for $.................or debit my MasterCard/Visa account by $...................

Card No.： ………………………….

Expiry date：………………………

Tel No.： …………………………..

If you do not wish to receive details of other offers or services, please tick this box:□

( )1. A man bought two chairs: the type of “A” and the type of “B”. How much did he have to pay?

A. $49.90. B. $29.95. C. $44.90. D. $89.80.

( )2. Which of the following is all the information that the Daily Mail Director’s Chairs Offer requires?

A. Address, cheque, type of chairs, profession.

B. Color of chair, your telephone number, postcode, age.

C. Your telephone number, postcode, address, name, cheque payable or card number.

D. Name, job, number of chairs, address.

( )3. What is the best way to solve the problem if one is not satisfied with a chair?

A. The company will send someone to fix it.

B. The chair can’t be returned after having been sold.

C. He can do nothing but use it.

D. He can return the chair within 14 days.

【题解】

1. 选A。文章中“Available in A or B they are on offer for only $24.95 each”已说明。若要买A和B两款，则要24.95 x 2 =49.90。

2. 选C。细节理解题。从文中很容易找到相关细节。

3. 选D。根据“Price will be paid back if item is returned within 14 days of receipt”可以推断出。

Never give out identifying information such as Name, Home, Address, School Name, or Telephone Number in a public message such as at a chat room or on bulletin boards. Never send a person a picture of you without first checking with your parents.

Never reply to message or bulletin board items that are: Suggestive/Bob scene(下流的)Ready to fight/ Express intention to hurt/Make you feel uncomfortable.

Be careful when someone offers something for nothing, such as gifts or money. Be very careful about any offers that get you to meet or have someone visit your house.

Tell your parents right away if you come across any information that makes you feel uncomfortable.

Never arrange a face-to-face meeting without telling your parents. If your parents agree to the meeting, make sure that you meet in a public place and have a parent with you.

Remember people On-line may not be who they seem.

Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/ herself.

Thus someone says that “she is a 12-year-old girl” could really be an old man.

Be sure that you are dealing with someone that you and your parents know and trust before giving out any personal information about yourself through E-mail

Get to know your “on-line friends” just as you get to know all of your friends.

( )4. The best title for the passage is_____.

A. Believe Nobody on the Net

B. Be Careful about the on-line Friends

C. Don’t Be Honest on the Net

D. Make Friends with Those you Believe in

( )5. The underlined word “misrepresent” in the passage means_____.

A. making a wrong judgment about

B. understanding somebody wrongly

C. giving a wrong description of

D. forming a wrong opinion about

( )6. If you want to make friends with others on line, you should _____.

A. invite them to visit your house very often

B. find out more about them in many ways

C. break away from them by all means

D. attracting their attention on the internet

【题解】

4. D 综合判断题，从文中的主要内容可以看出。

5. C 猜测词意题，从上下文可以推出。

6. B 细节推断题，从文章最后一句just as you get to know all of your friends理解可得出正确答案。

Ⅴ. 短文填空

阅读短文，根据所读内容在文后1～10的空格里填上适当的单词或短语。注意：每空不超过3个单词。

While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it can’t be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress.

Try physical activity

When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try.

Take care of yourself

You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest. If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if you’re not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor.

Make time for yourself

Schedule time(确定时间)for both work and entertainment.

座位号

Don’t forget, play can be just as important to you over-all well-being as work. You need a break from

your daily routine(日常工作)to just relax and have fun. Go

window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.

Make a list of the things you need to do

Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there’s so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most important tasks first.

How to 1. __ stress

Stressful situations 2.___________

Phenomena 3.___nervous, angry or upset Try physical activity running, walking, playing tennis or 4.___

●easily getting angry

●not sleeping well enough

●not eating properly 5. _________yourself ●making every effort to eat well, and get enough rest

●6. ___________ a doctor

7._________ From daily routine Make time for yourself relaxing and having fun ●go window-shopping

●work on a hobby

●do something 8._____

From 9. ___________ Make a list ●10.________to do the most important tasks

●doing one thing at a time

●checking out each task

1. deal with/face 2. Suggestions 3. Being 4.gardening 5.Take care of

6. consulting 7. Causes/Reasons 8. you enjoy 9. disorganization 10. setting out

Ⅴ.书面表达

不少父母都有望子成龙的心态，请根据所给图示以A Frightening Childhood为题写一议论文，词数120左右，短文开头已给出。

A Frightening Childhood

At present many parents hope that their children can become the top talents in their childhood. ___________________________

_____________

One possible version:

Nowadays many parents hope that their children can become the top talents in their childhood. So they ask their children to devote all their spare time to a variety of special training after school, such as painting, playing the piano and the violin. Actually their children are full of fear and complaint.

Children should study hard and they should take part in all kinds of activities that they enjoy after school. In this way they can learn something with great interest and develop abilities. It is very helpful for them to grow up. But they should not be forced to do what they don’t like. Sometimes parents’ good wish may make their children tired of everything. Please don’t give your children such a frightening childhood.

开心一刻

人之初性本善性相近习相远

苟不教性乃迁教之道贵以专

昔孟母择邻处子不学断机杼 Men at their birth are naturally good. Their natures are much the same; their habits become widely different.

If foolishly there is no teaching, the nature will deteriorate. The right way in teaching is to attach the utmost importance in thoroughness.

Of old, the mother of Mencius chose a neighborhood and when her child would not learn, she broke the shuttle from the loom.

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人教版英语课件锦集11篇

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